{"id":15624,"date":"2022-03-18T13:22:00","date_gmt":"2022-03-18T05:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/?p=15624"},"modified":"2024-04-04T01:27:35","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T17:27:35","slug":"%e7%ba%b8%e4%b9%a6%e3%80%81%e9%bb%91%e6%9d%bf%e4%b8%8e%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c-%e6%96%b0%e5%86%a0%e7%96%ab%e6%83%85%e6%9c%9f%e9%97%b4%e5%9c%a8%e7%ba%bf%e6%95%99%e5%ad%a6%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/site\/works\/dhjournal\/202103\/15624.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7eb8\u4e66\u3001\u9ed1\u677f\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u2014\u2014\u65b0\u51a0\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u5219\u5fae\u89c2\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u7701\u601d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u674e\u6797 \uff1b\u8f6c\u81ea\uff1a\u516c\u4f17\u53f7 DH\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#60569a\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u6559\u80b2\u6559\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Di_3_Qi-1024x361.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15013\" width=\"742\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Di_3_Qi-1024x361.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Di_3_Qi-300x106.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Di_3_Qi-768x271.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Di_3_Qi.png 1147w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#0071a1\"><strong>\u674e\u6797<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>\/&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>\u534e\u4e1c\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7cfb\uff08\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#0071a1\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" 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class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_1-2-1024x768.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15637\" width=\"736\" height=\"552\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_1-2-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_1-2-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_1-2-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_1-2.png 1139w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe 1 \u5b66\u751f\u8bfe\u5916\u6807\u70b9\u7ec3\u4e60\uff08\u4f20\u7edf\u7ec3\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_2-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15636\" width=\"734\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_2-2.png 962w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_2-2-300x279.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_2-2-768x714.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 734px) 100vw, 734px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe 2 \u5b66\u751f\u8bfe\u5916\u65ad\u53e5\u7ec3\u4e60\uff08\u5728\u7ebf\u7ec3\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"728\" height=\"913\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_3-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15635\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_3-2.png 728w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_3-2-239x300.png 239w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe 3 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class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u4e8c\u3001\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8ffd\u5bfb\u201c\u540c\u6587\u5f02\u8bfb\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u505a\u8001\u5e08\u548c\u505a\u5bb6\u957f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0d\u5b9c\u65f6\u65f6\u5904\u5904\u90fd\u626e\u5f97\u5168\u77e5\u5168\u80fd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5c11\u95ee\u9898\u6211\u786e\u5b9e\u6240\u77e5\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u540c\u5b66\u66fe\u6559\u76ca\u8865\u6b63\u4e86\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u8981\u8bb0\u8d77\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u8865\u5145\u6216\u7ea0\u6b63\u524d\u5802\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8bf4\u660e\u662f\u8c01\u62d3\u5c55\u6216\u7ea0\u6b63\u4e86\u6211\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e08\u751f\u5e94\u8be5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u8bf4\u67d0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u61c2\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c2\u4e4b\u540e\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a2\u7a76\u53ca\u76f8\u4e92\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u201c\u4e00\u7269\u4e0d\u77e5\uff0c\u6df1\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8363\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e3a\uff1a\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22\u5927\u5bb6\uff01\u6211\u6682\u65f6\u65e0\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u5bf9\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u60f3\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u9879\u63a2\u7d22\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a\u8bf7\u7528\u4f60\u80fd\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u300a\u53f8\u9a6c\u6e29\u516c\u6ce8\u626c\u5b50\u6cd5\u8a00\u5e8f\u300b\u8f83\u4e3a\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6807\u70b9\u672c\uff0c\u53d1\u5230\u7fa4\u91cc\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7565\u8bf4\u4f60\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u627e\u5230\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u5468\u505c\u8bfe\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f11\u606f\u4f11\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u5bb9\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u8bf7\u57285\u67086\u65e5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c06\u63a2\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u5230\u7fa4\u91cc\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u7684\u4e5f\u8bf7\u8bf4\u8bf4\u505a\u8fc7\u4f55\u79cd\u52aa\u529b\uff09\u3002<sup>[3]<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ca1\u5230\u9650\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u5b66\u90fd\u5728\u7fa4\u91cc\u5206\u4eab\u63a2\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u66f2\u6298\u590d\u6742\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5404\u5c3d\u6240\u80fd\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u3001\u6570\u636e\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u6587\u732e\u4f20\u9012\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u2014\u2014\u7ed3\u679c\u56fa\u7136\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66f4\u52a0\u5173\u952e\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u9884\u671f\u5b66\u751f\u4f1a\u7528\u4e24\u79cd\u601d\u8def\u53bb\u63a2\u7a76\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4eca\u4eba\u6821\u6ce8\u3001\u8bd1\u6ce8\u7684\u300a\u6cd5\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u65e7\u5e8f\u7684\u6807\u70b9\u672c\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u7684\u96c6\u5b50\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5e8f\u6587\u53ca\u5176\u65ad\u53e5\u6216\u6807\u70b9\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u540c\u5b66\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6b8a\u9014\u540c\u5f52\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u97e9\u656c\u300a\u6cd5\u8a00\u5168\u8bd1\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u9644\u7684\u8be5\u5e8f\u6807\u70b9\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6797\u66fc\u66fc\u540c\u5b66\u63a5\u8fd1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd8\u662f\u9694\u7740\u4e00\u5c42\u6ca1\u6709\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u6211\u7a0d\u5fae\u8865\u5145\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u8fdb\u8def\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6211\u4e5f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u51e0\u79cd\u5728\u7ebf\u6570\u636e\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u201c\u5b8b\u96c6\u73cd\u672c\u4e1b\u520a\u201d\u5f71\u5370\u672c\u300a\u589e\u5e7f\u53f8\u9a6c\u6e29\u516c\u5168\u96c6\u300b\uff08\u7ebf\u88c5\u4e66\u5c402004\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u56fd\u5b66\u57fa\u672c\u4e1b\u4e66\u201d\u65ad\u53e5\u672c\u300a\u53f8\u9a6c\u6e29\u516c\u6587\u96c6\u300b\uff08\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u99861937\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5747\u672a\u89c1\u6536\u5f55\u6b64\u5e8f\uff1b\u800c\u540e\u5728\u6807\u70b9\u672c\u300a\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u96c6\u300b\uff08\u56db\u5ddd\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e2010\u5e74\uff09\u8865\u9057\u537710\u300a\u5e8f\u8dcb\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c1\u5f55\u300a\u6ce8\u6768\u5b50\u6cd5\u8a00\u5e8f\u300b\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u6807\u70b9\u7248\u672c\u3002\u6211\u9605\u8bfb\u540e\u63d0\u793a\u5927\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7248\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a0d\u770b\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u6587\u672c\u53ca\u65ad\u53e5\u758f\u6f0f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u5728\u7535\u5b50\u8d44\u6e90\u5f02\u5e38\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u627e\u5230\u6587\u732e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u7167\u5224\u65ad\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u53d6\u7528\u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sup>\u8fd9\u662f\u672c\u6b21\u7ec3\u4e60\u7684\u201c\u521d\u59cb\u4efb\u52a1\u201d\u3002\u6211\u8bf7\u540c\u5b66\u5bf9\u7167\u770b\u770b\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5728\u5904\u7406\u4e0a\u6709\u4f55\u5f02\u540c\u3002\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u5bf9\u52d8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e3e\u8ff0\u4e24\u4e2a\u6807\u70b9\u7248\u672c\u5728\u5168\u6587\u662f\u5426\u5206\u6bb5\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u53e5\u5b50\u662f\u5426\u65ad\u5f00\u3001\u53e5\u53f7\u6216\u9017\u53f7\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e66\u540d\u53f7\u3001\u4e13\u540d\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7ec6\u5fae\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5206\u6bb5\u3001\u6807\u70b9\u7b49\u7ec6\u5fae\u7684\u201c\u6280\u672f\u5dee\u5f02\u201d\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5173\u6d89\u7684\u662f\u6587\u732e\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u6d41\u901a\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u5b66\u672f\u8bad\u7ec3\u91cd\u89c6\u6b64\u7c7b\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecd\u7136\u4f9d\u5faa\u4f20\u7edf\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ea4\u6d41\u65b9\u5f0f\u6539\u4e3a\u5728\u7ebf\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u81ea\u89c9\u6d89\u53ca\u201c\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u201d\u8bae\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#0071a1\"><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u201d\u4e0eAI\u7684\u8bc6\u6587\u65ad\u53e5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f9d\u7167\u8fc7\u5f80\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u6807\u70b9\u7ec3\u4e60\u5e94\u8be5\u5230\u6b64\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u672c\u5b66\u671f\u4e2d\u501f\u7740\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u5b66\u4e4b\u4fbf\uff0c\u6211\u5411\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u62d3\u5c55\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5b89\u5fbd\u5927\u5b66\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u201c\u594e\u7ae0\u9601\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u732e\u8d44\u6e90\u5bfc\u822a\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d<sup>[8]<\/sup>\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u65b0\u8fd1\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u201c\u5168\u7403\u6c49\u7c4d\u5206\u5e03GIS\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6559\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4e3b\u8981\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u5176\u201c\u5b9e\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u4e00\u680f\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u7531\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7814\u5236\u7684\u201c\u53e4\u8bd7\u6587\u81ea\u52a8\u53e5\u8bfb\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c<sup>[9]<\/sup>\u5c06\u8fd9\u7bc7\u300a\u6cd5\u8a00\u300b\u5e8f\u6587\u7684\u7e41\u4f53\u7248\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5206\u4e24\u6b21\u590d\u5236\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de6\u680f\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6846\u4e2d\uff0c\u70b9\u9009\u201c\u65ad\u53e5\u201d\u3002\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u6839\u636e\u5b8b\u7248\u4e66\u5f71\u6821\u8fc7\u53d1\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u7e41\u4f53\u6587\u672c\u3002\u6211\u672c\u6765\u6253\u7b97\u5148\u8bd5\u7740\u7528\u4e66\u540c\u6587\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u201c\u70b9\u5b57\u6210\u91d1\u201d\u53e4\u7c4dOCR\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u518d\u4f5c\u6821\u6838\uff0c\u987a\u4fbf\u68c0\u9a8c\u5176\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u80fd\u6ce8\u518c\u8bd5\u7528\uff1b\u7ed9\u5ba2\u670d\u7559\u8a00\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u590d\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u7f62\u3002<sup>[10]<\/sup>\u65ad\u53e5\u7ed3\u679c\u51fa\u6765\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u5404\u81ea\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u518d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u6807\u70b9\u201d\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd9\u9879\u529f\u80fd\u5c1a\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff09\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u56fe4\u6240\u793a\u65ad\u53e5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u540c\u5b66\u624b\u4e0a\u5c31\u6709\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5e8f\u6587\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u6807\u70b9\/\u65ad\u53e5\u7248\u672c\uff1a\u4e24\u79cd\u51fa\u81ea\u4eba\u5de5\u4e13\u5bb6\u3001\u4e00\u79cd\u51fa\u81ea\u5979\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\uff08\u6587\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u751f\uff09\u3001\u4e00\u79cd\u51fa\u81ea\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6211\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u518d\u5bf9\u7167\u7740\u770b\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u6709\u4f55\u5f02\u540c\u3002\u6b21\u5802\u8bfe\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5148\u8bf7\u540c\u5b66\u9010\u4e00\u8bb2\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bf9\u52d8\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u611f\u53d7\u3002\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u5728\u524d\u4e00\u5802\u8bfe\u5bf9\u7167\u4e24\u4efd\u4eba\u5de5\u4e13\u5bb6\u6807\u70b9\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u8865\u5145\u8ba8\u8bba\u7cfb\u7edf\u65ad\u53e5\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u611f\u53d7\u662f\uff1a\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u65ad\u53e5\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u7adf\u7136\u5df2\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u6b65\uff01\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u65ad\u53e5\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u51e0\u5904\u4e25\u91cd\u504f\u79bb\u6587\u4e49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edd\u5bf9\u5224\u9519\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5730\u65b9\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u758f\u901a\u6587\u4e49\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6b64\u79cd\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ca\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u5c11\u7591\u8651\u3002\u5c11\u6570\u540c\u5b66\u4e00\u5e76\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e86\u201c\u6807\u70b9\u201d\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5982\u679c\u65bd\u52a0\u73b0\u4ee3\u6807\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u9519\u6f0f\u6bd4\u53ea\u505a\u65ad\u53e5\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u5728\u4e66\u540d\u3001\u4e13\u540d\u7b49\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4e0a\u5c24\u5176\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_4-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15634\" width=\"591\" height=\"622\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_4-2.png 870w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_4-2-285x300.png 285w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_4-2-768x809.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 591px) 100vw, 591px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe 4 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Novick\uff09\u4e3a\u65b0\u8fd1\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u201c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u4e0e\u4ee5\u4e54\u59c6\u65af\u57fa(Avram Chomsky)\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u201c\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e89\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u524d\u8005\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540e\u8005\u7684\u6311\u6218\u751a\u81f3\u90e8\u5206\u201c\u8d85\u8d8a\u201d\u3002<sup>[14]<\/sup>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u4e4b\u5185\u5c06\u5df2\u77e5\u53e4\u7c4d\u5c3d\u6570\u641c\u7f57\u6574\u7406\uff1f\u8fd8\u662f\u5e94\u5f53\u9002\u5f53\u653e\u6162\u901f\u5ea6\u5e76\u6ce8\u91cd\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u201c\u4f46\u5b58\u65b9\u5bf8\u5730\uff0c\u7559\u4e0e\u5b50\u5b59\u8015\u201d\uff1f\u6291\u6216\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4ecd\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\u6587\u5316\u9886\u57df\u7684\u201c\u5267\u573a\u6548\u5e94\u201d\uff1f\u8fdb\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6b64\u7c7b\u201c\u6587\u5316\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5efa\u8bbe\u201d\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u5177\u89c1\u8bc6\u7684\u201c\u9876\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u7d22\u6807\u51c6\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff1f\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e66\u8fd8\u8981\u8bfb\u5417\uff1f\u8fd9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u6210\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u201c\u6587\u732e\u201d\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u8bfb\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6838\u5fc3\u6587\u672c\u8fd8\u9700\u53bb\u8bfb\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6574\u7406\u7eb8\u672c\uff0c\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\u8fd8\u5e94\u53bb\u8bfb\u63a5\u8fd1\u6587\u732e\u539f\u8c8c\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u53ea\u662f\u5f71\u50cf\u6863\u6216\u5f71\u5370\u672c\u3002\u4f55\u51b5\uff0c\u5b66\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5df1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eba\/\u7269\u8bfb\u5f97\u518d\u591a\uff0c\u4e0e\u5df1\u4f55\u5e72\uff1f\u8c37\u6b4cAlpha\u7cfb\u5217\u6218\u80dc\u4eba\u7c7b\u9876\u5c16\u68cb\u624b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u666e\u901a\u7231\u597d\u8005\u7ee7\u7eed\u4eab\u53d7\u201c\u624b\u8c08\u201d\u4e4b\u4e50\u3002\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ee5\u8bfb\u4e66\u4e3a\u4e1a\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u5f53\u662f\u6e90\u81ea\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u5185\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7cfb\u7edf\u518d\u600e\u4e48\u9ad8\u660e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e8e\u4e8b\u65e0\u8865\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e8b\u5f02\u800c\u5907\u53d8\uff0c\u8bfb\u4e66\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9e\u5e94\u5f53\u7a0d\u4f5c\u8f6c\u6362\uff1b\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4e5f\u9762\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u6295\u5165\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u89c1\u672a\u6765\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u4ee5\u524d\u7a00\u89c1\u6587\u732e\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u53ca\u5168\u6587\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4f1a\u88ab\u9646\u7eed\u53d1\u5e03\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u5e26\u6765\u5f88\u5927\u4fbf\u5229\uff0c\u4eca\u65e5\u9752\u5e74\u5b66\u4eba\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u7528\u7535\u5b50\u8d44\u6e90\u5c55\u5f00\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u53ea\u6015\u5df2\u5fae\u4e4e\u5176\u5fae\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u7ea0\u7ed3\u652f\u543e\u4e8e\u201c\u662f\u5426\u7528\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u655e\u5f00\u63a2\u7a76\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u201d\u3002\u5176\u6b21\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u5e26\u6765\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u968f\u624b\u53ef\u5f97\u7684\u6750\u6599\u5f88\u591a\u201c\u6765\u8def\u4e0d\u660e\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u201c\u6ce5\u6c99\u4ff1\u4e0b\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8fa8\u8bc6\u548c\u62e3\u62e9\u4f1a\u662f\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6574\u4f53\u56fe\u666f\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u610f\u8bc6\u800c\u8d38\u7136\u201c\u5165\u5e93\u201d\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6df9\u6ca1\u5728\u679d\u8282\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5efa\u7f6e\u65f6\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u5c11\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u52a0\u4e4b\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8f83\u4e3a\u5355\u8c03\uff0c\u53c8\u56e0\u5546\u4e1a\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u5404\u81ea\u4e3a\u9635\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u8fbe\u5230\u6df1\u5165\u6316\u6398\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5173\u8054\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u7c7b\u8d44\u6e90\u4e92\u8054\u4e92\u901a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u7559\u610f\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u68c0\u7d22\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u89c1\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4e0d\u89c1\u201d\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u7d20\u517b\u53ca\u6210\u679c\u6c34\u5e73\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u6587\u732e\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u83b7\u53d6\u6781\u4e3a\u4fbf\u5229\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u91cd\u89c6\u6750\u6599\u641c\u96c6\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u9057\u6f0f\u5173\u952e\u53f2\u6599\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u5c31\u66f4\u96be\u4ee5\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u56db\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u77e5\u8bc6\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4e66\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65ad\u53e5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6587\u7406\u8109\u7edc\uff08\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u53ca\u8bed\u8bcd\u89c4\u5f8b\uff08\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u591f\u3002\u8981\u786e\u5207\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u626b\u6e05\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u4f53\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u6b64\u751f\u53d1\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u8bf7\u540c\u5b66\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bf9\u5e8f\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u672f\u8bed\u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6e90\u81ea\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u53e4\u4e66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4ee5\u88681\u4e2d\u7684\u5341\u4e2a\u8bed\u6c47\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bf7\u540c\u5b66\u62d3\u5c55\u81f3\u81ea\u5df1\u89c9\u5f97\u91cd\u8981\u6216\u4e0d\u89e3\u7684\u8bed\u6c47\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u8f83\u591a\u804c\u5b98\u53ca\u673a\u6784\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6211\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u4e66\u4e4b\u7535\u5b50\u7248\uff1aCharles Hucker\u6559\u6388\u6240\u7f16A Dictionary of Official Titles in Imperial China\uff0c\u9f9a\u5ef6\u660e\u6559\u6388\u7f16\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u4ee3\u804c\u5b98\u522b\u540d\u5927\u8f9e\u5178\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u5b8b\u4ee3\u5b98\u5236\u8f9e\u5178\u300b\uff1b<sup>[15]<\/sup>\u5e76\u5efa\u8bae\u7ed3\u5408\u300a\u5b8b\u53f2\u00b7\u804c\u5b98\u5fd7\u300b\uff08\u7528\u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c40\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u53e4\u7c4d\u5e93\u201d\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5341\u901a\u300b\u5168\u6587\u68c0\u7d22\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u7528\u4e66\u540c\u6587\u53e4\u7c4d\u4ea7\u54c1\u5e93\uff09\u53ca\u201c\u9f0e\u79c0\u53e4\u7c4d\u5168\u6587\u68c0\u7d22\u5e73\u53f0\u201d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u62d3\u5c55\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u8bcd\u6761\u67e5\u5b9e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u7167\u5f55\u5178\u7c4d\u53ca\u5de5\u5177\u4e66\u539f\u6587\uff0c\u6216\u6839\u636e\u6587\u732e\u81ea\u884c\u7efc\u5408\u758f\u91ca\uff0c\u5747\u9700\u6ce8\u660e\u51fa\u5904\uff1b\u65e0\u6cd5\u67e5\u8003\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7565\u8bf4\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\">\u8868 1 \u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u300a\u6ce8\u6768\u5b50\u6cd5\u8a00\u5e8f\u300b\u63a2\u7a76\u8bed\u6c47\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_5-2-1024x272.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15633\" width=\"553\" height=\"147\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_5-2-1024x272.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_5-2-300x80.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_5-2-768x204.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_5-2.png 1136w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 553px) 100vw, 553px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u9884\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u53d1\u6765\u8bfe\u5916\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002\u6709\u76f4\u5f55\u8f9e\u5178\u53ca\u53f2\u6599\u539f\u6587\u8005\uff0c\u6709\u517c\u7528\u622a\u56fe\u5e76\u4f5c\u6807\u6ce8\u8005\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u8d3a\u51ef\u300a\u8f9e\u5178\u300b\uff09\uff1b\u66f4\u6709\u6392\u6bd4\u51e0\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5c1d\u8bd5\u518d\u52a0\u603b\u7ed3\u88c1\u65ad\u8005\u3002\u6709\u4ec5\u7528\u63a8\u8350\u8d44\u6e90\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e8c\u8005\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u62d3\u5c55\u81f3\u63a8\u8350\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5916\u8005\uff1b\u4ea6\u6709\u540c\u5b66\u62d3\u5c55\u81f3\u6ce8\u91ca\u201c\u9542\u7248\u201d\u53ca\u201c\u4fd7\u672c\u201d\u7b49\u8bcd\uff1b\u53c8\u6709\u540c\u5b66\u68c0\u5f97\u672a\u6807\u70b9\u6587\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fde\u5e26\u7528\u53ca\u4e0a\u6587\u6240\u63d0\u81ea\u52a8\u65ad\u53e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4ee5\u539f\u56fe\u76f4\u5f15\u540c\u5b66\u5904\u7406\u201c\u7960\u90e8\u90ce\u4e2d\u201d\u4e00\u6761\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6750\u6599\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u56fe5\u3002<sup>[16]<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"566\" height=\"877\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_6-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_6-2.png 566w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_6-2-194x300.png 194w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 566px) 100vw, 566px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe 5 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class=\"has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#0071a1\"><strong>\u4e94\u3001\u63a2\u5bfb\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5916\u7684\u201c\u4e3a\u5b66\u65b9\u6848\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u7a76\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u662f\u4e0e\u8fd9\u6761\u6587\u732e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3001\u53e5\u8bfb\u53ca\u5236\u5ea6\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u4ecd\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7a0d\u5fae\u4e86\u89e3\u5e8f\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u5728\u5b8b\u4ee3\u5b66\u672f\u53f2\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7248\u56fe\u4e2d\u5904\u5728\u4f55\u79cd\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f20\u7edf\u5112\u5b66\u53f2\u4e2d\u201c\u5b66\u6848\u201d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u8bf7\u5979\u4eec\u5148\u8bfb\u6731\u9e3f\u6797\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u300a\u5112\u5bb6\u201c\u4e3a\u5b66\u65b9\u6848\u201d\uff1a\u5b66\u6848\u8457\u4f5c\u4f53\u88c1\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff0c<sup>[20]<\/sup>\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7a0d\u77e5\u4f20\u7edf\u5b66\u6848\u5199\u4f5c\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u53ca\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u800c\u540e\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u300a\u5b8b\u5143\u5b66\u6848\u300b\u4e4b\u300a\u6d91\u6c34\u5b66\u6848\u300b\uff1b<sup>[21]<\/sup>\u5e76\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u5c06\u524d\u9644\u5b66\u6848\u8868\u622a\u56fe\u91cd\u62fc\u4e3a\u4e00\u9875\uff08\u56fe6\uff09\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u8bf7\u5979\u4eec\u8fdb\u5165\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u6700\u8fd1\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u201c\u300a\u5b8b\u5143\u5b66\u6848\u300b\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\uff0c<sup>[22]<\/sup>\u4ee5\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u67e5\u8be2\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u5173\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff1b\u5e76\u5c3d\u91cf\u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u89e3\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f20\u7edf\u7eb8\u672c\u5b66\u6848\u53ca\u5728\u7ebf\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u6b64\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7814\u5236\u7ed9\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u4e0e\u6311\u6218\u3002\u6211\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u4e0b\u6b21\u8bfe\u524d\uff0c\u4ecd\u5c06\u63a2\u7a76\u5386\u7a0b\u53ca\u601d\u8003\u4ee5Word\u6587\u6863\u53d1\u5230\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ca\u7bc7\u5e45\u957f\u77ed\u5747\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"438\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_7-2-1024x438.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15631\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_7-2-1024x438.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_7-2-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_7-2-768x328.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_7-2-1536x657.png 1536w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_7-2.png 1658w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe 6 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class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"594\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_8-2-1024x594.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_8-2-1024x594.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_8-2-300x174.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_8-2-768x445.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_8-2-1536x891.png 1536w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_8-2.png 1628w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe 7 \u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u201c\u300a\u5b8b\u5143\u5b66\u6848\u300b\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u5b66\u6d3e\u4f20\u627f\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#0071a1\"><strong>\u516d\u3001CBDB:\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u52d8\u63a2\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6253\u94c1\u8d81\u70ed\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u501f\u6b64\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u518d\u5e26\u5927\u5bb6\u591a\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u70b9\u7535\u5b50\u8d44\u6e90\u53ca\u6570\u5b57\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5982\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u8d39\u6b63\u6e05\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f0\u6e7e\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u201d\u5386\u53f2\u8bed\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u53ca\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e09\u65b9\u5408\u4f5c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u4ee3\u4eba\u7269\u4f20\u8bb0\u8d44\u6599\u5e93\u201d\uff08China Biographical Database Project, CBDB\uff09\u3002\u6211\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u5148\u6d4f\u89c8CBDB\u9879\u76ee\u4e3b\u9875\uff0c<sup>[27]<\/sup>\u4e86\u89e3\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b\u62d3\u5c55\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u5b9e\u64cd\u7ec3\u4e60\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u5728\u7ebf\u6570\u636e\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6559\u5b66\u89c6\u9891\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ed8\u51fa\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u5148\u5728\u201c\u67e5\u8be2\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u201d\u9879\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u9009\u62e9\u5b66\u672f\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u8ddd\u79bb\u8bbe\u4e3a1\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e3a2\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u636e\u8fc7\u591a\uff09\uff0c\u68c0\u7d22\u6570\u636e\u540e\u5bfc\u5165Gephi\uff0c\u7a0d\u52a0\u8c03\u6574\u540e\u753b\u51fa\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u7b80\u56fe\uff08\u56fe8\uff09\u3002\u4eb2\u81ea\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u592a\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9884\u8ba1\u5b66\u751f\u591a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9009\u505a\u6b64\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u9884\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53c8\u9f50\u9f50\u5728\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7fa4\u4e2d\u5206\u4eab\u63a2\u7a76\u6587\u6863\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u786e\u5b9e\u51fa\u4e4e\u6211\u7684\u610f\u6599\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u9009\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6613\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6211\u539f\u672c\u9884\u671f\u67092\u20143\u4eba\u5b8c\u6210\u5df2\u5f88\u4e0d\u9519\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5979\u4eec\u7adf\u7136\u53c8\u90fd\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_9-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15629\" width=\"782\" height=\"672\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_9-2.png 1012w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_9-2-300x258.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_9-2-768x660.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 782px) 100vw, 782px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe 8 \u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u4e3b\u8981\u5b66\u672f\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u7b80\u56fe\uff08\u674e\u6797\u7ed8\u56fe\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_10-3-1024x641.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15628\" width=\"880\" height=\"551\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_10-3-1024x641.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_10-3-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_10-3-768x481.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_10-3.png 1429w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 880px) 100vw, 880px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_11-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15627\" width=\"692\" height=\"629\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_11-2.png 950w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_11-2-300x273.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_11-2-768x698.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe 9 Pejak \u53ca Gephi \u5448\u73b0\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7b80\u56fe\uff08\u80e1\u7532\u4e00\u3001\u5b59\u82b3\u6d01\u7ed8\u56fe\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b21\u65e5\u4e0a\u8bfe\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u7528\u4e00\u8282\u8bfe\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ea4\u6d41\u63a2\u7a76\u5fc3\u5f97\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd1\u65e5\u767e\u5ea6\u7f51\u76d8\u94fe\u63a5\u5f88\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4e3a\u4e86\u8282\u7701\u5927\u5bb6\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6253\u5305\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u63a2\u7a76\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5979\u4eec\u7ec8\u7a76\u672a\u80fd\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6211\u63d0\u793a\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5206\u522b\u6eaf\u6e90\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5979\u4eec\u5176\u5b9e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u3002\u6211\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u7ed8\u56fe\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ea\u662fGephi\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5979\u4eec\u6709\u51e0\u4f4d\u62d3\u5c55\u63a2\u7a76\u4e86\u540c\u7c7b\u8f6f\u4ef6Pajek\uff0c\u5e76\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u5f02\u540c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728Gephi\u4e2d\u89e3\u51b3\u8282\u70b9\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u989c\u8272\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5e03\u5c40\u7684\u5448\u73b0\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u56fe9\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u5979\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8bd5\u7528CBDB\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u540c\u5b66\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u90fd\u7559\u610f\u5230\u201c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u201d\u68c0\u7d22\u53ca\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caCBDB\u4e0d\u6b62\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u7269\u8bcd\u5178\u201d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6027\u8d28\u4e0e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u6211\u5219\u4ecb\u7ecdCBDB\u5c1a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u7d22\u6316\u6398\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u672c\u6316\u6398\u3001\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u6790\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6790\u53ca\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u6790\u7b49\uff0c\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u5173\u8054\u548c\u517c\u987e\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5176\u4e2d\u6dfb\u7f6e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u82e5\u80fd\u518d\u52a0\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u622a\u81f32021\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u5e93\u4e2d\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\u603b\u6570\u589e\u81f3\u7ea6491,000\u540d\uff08\u88682\uff09\u3002<sup>[28]<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\">\u8868 2 CBDB \u6240\u6536\u5386\u4ee3\u4eba\u7269\u6570\u91cf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_12-2-1024x578.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15626\" width=\"491\" height=\"277\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_12-2-1024x578.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_12-2-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_12-2-768x434.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_12-2.png 1294w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u81f3\u4e8eCBDB\u7b49\u9879\u76ee\u80fd\u5728\u4f55\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5219\u9664\u4e86\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u66f4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u529f\u529b\u548c\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6570\u5b57\u8d44\u6e90\u65f6\u80fd\u63d0\u51fa\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u53bb\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u9b4f\u5e0c\u5fb7\uff08Hilde De Weerdt\uff09\u6559\u6388\u8bba\u6b64\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5f3a\u8c03\u6570\u5b57\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u201c\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u201d\uff08imagination\uff09\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<sup>[29]<\/sup>\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u548c\u6211\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u5173\u7cfb\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9009\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ca\u5e03\u5c40\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u56fe\u793a\u5404\u5f02\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fe\u793a\u5927\u81f4\u90fd\u80fd\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\uff0c\u738b\u5b89\u77f3\u5360\u636e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5173\u952e\u8282\u70b9\u201d\uff0c\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u3001\u738b\u5b89\u77f3\u3001\u6b27\u9633\u4fee\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u3001\u8303\u7f1c\u3001\u5b87\u6587\u4e4b\u90b5\u4e09\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u201c\u4e09\u89d2\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u5b89\u60c7\u3001\u90a2\u6055\u53ca\u90a2\u5c45\u5b9e\uff0c\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0e\u8521\u4eac\u53d1\u751f\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0e\u76ae\u516c\u5f3c\u5b58\u5728\u975e\u6bd4\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7a0b\u9890\u3001\u8303\u7956\u79b9\u548c\u5c39\u624d\u5728\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u5c45\u4e8e\u91cd\u8981\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u865a\u662f\u5b9e\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u662f\u9519\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u90fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5faa\u6b64\u6df1\u7a76\u7ec6\u67e5\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u201c\u601d\u60f3\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u53ca\u201c\u5386\u53f2\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u3002\u5b66\u751f\u81ea\u8ff0\u63a2\u7a76\u5fc3\u5f97\uff0c\u4ea6\u79f0\uff1a\u6700\u521d\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Gephi\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed8\u56fe\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u770b\u6559\u7a0b\u3001\u53c2\u8003\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u6765\u6478\u7d22\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7ed8\u6210\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u3002\u8fd9\u70b9\u4e5f\u8ba9\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5728\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u5448\u73b0\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5176\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\u7684\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5176\u52a3\u52bf\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u7ed8\u56fe\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u6240\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u5341\u5206\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7ed8\u5236\u6210\u56fe\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u5728\u6587\u5b57\u4fe1\u606f\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u56fe\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5b58\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u5b66\u8bc6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u4ece\u56fe\u4e0a\u89e3\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<sup>[30]<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bda\u7136\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e76\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u90e8\u5206\u751f\u4ea7\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f62\u6210\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u89c1\u8bc6\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u6765\u81ea\u4eba\u8111\u800c\u975e\u7535\u8111\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8d44\u6e90\u53ca\u6570\u5b57\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u80fd\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u7d22\u3001\u6279\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u53ca\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5448\u73b0\uff1b\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f83\u4e3a\u6210\u719f\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u89e3\u51b3\u4eba\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u8005\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u6316\u6398\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6790\u53caGIS\u6280\u672f\u3002<sup>[31]<\/sup>\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u73af\u82e5\u8981\u201c\u51fa\u5f69\u201d\uff0c\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u5b66\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5916\u7684\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u7814\u7a76\u4ea6\u7136\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u8d2f\u901a\u7684\u7ec3\u4e60\u548c\u63a2\u7a76\u601d\u8def\u2014\u2014\u8bfb\u5b8c\u6807\u70b9\u6392\u5370\u7684\u300a\u6d91\u6c34\u5b66\u6848\u300b\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u6821\u6b63\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u8377\u5170\u83b1\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u5236\u7684Markus\u534a\u81ea\u52a8\u6587\u672c\u6807\u8bb0\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u6807\u8bb0\u4eba\u540d\u548c\u5730\u540d\u3002<sup>[32]<\/sup>\u6821\u6b63\u8c03\u6574\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u6807\u8bb0\u4e0e\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0eCBDB\u6570\u636e\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u501f\u52a9HGIS\u3001Pajek\u6216Gephi\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4e5f\u80fd\u753b\u51fa\u300a\u6d91\u6c34\u5b66\u6848\u300b\u6240\u6d89\u5b66\u8005\u7cfb\u8c31\u56fe\u548c\u5730\u57df\u5206\u5e03\u56fe\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u65f6\u95f4\u6295\u5165\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u63a2\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7559\u5f85\u4ed6\u65e5\u3002\u5728\u8fdb\u9636\u7684\u5b66\u95ee\u63a2\u7d22\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u5373\u4fbf\u4e0d\u518d\u5e26\u9886\u5b66\u751f\u4e00\u540c\u201c\u767b\u5c71\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u56e0\u4e3a\u987e\u8651\u5c71\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u77e5\u7684\u7269\u79cd\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u544a\u77e5\u5b66\u751f\u4e16\u95f4\u672c\u6709\u6b64\u5c71\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u4e03\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u5177\u6709\u517c\u5bb9\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e3b\u673a\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u518d\u5f80\u524d\u8d70\u51e0\u6b65\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u63a2\u7a76\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e13\u95e8\u8bba\u9898\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6559\u5b66\u4e2d\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u65ad\u9f13\u52b1\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5e8f\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u63d0\u793a\u7684\u6587\u732e\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5236\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u4eba\u7269\u8bc4\u4ef7\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u4e3a\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u64b0\u5199\u5b66\u671f\u5c0f\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u51e0\u5c4a\u4fee\u8bfe\u8003\u6838\uff0c\u867d\u6709\u8bf8\u5982\u64b0\u5199\u53f2\u6599\u63d0\u8981\u53ca\u7f16\u5236\u4e13\u9898\u4e66\u76ee\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u603b\u4ee5\u64b0\u5199\u8bba\u6587\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u56e0\u5e94\u4fee\u8bfe\u5b66\u751f\u80cc\u666f\u53ca\u73b0\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6211\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u9879\u4f5c\u4e1a\u9009\u62e9\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u8d2d\u4e70\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u5f71\u5370\u7684\u5b8b\u672c\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u7ae0\u53e5\u4e2d\u5eb8\u7ae0\u53e5\u300b\uff0c\u5faa\u5176\u6d45\u75d5\u70b9\u65ad\u540e\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u9047\u7591\u8bd5\u6ce8\uff0c\u9047\u9519\u8bd5\u7ea0\uff1b\u4e00\u662f\u5168\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u300a\u54c8\u4f5b\u4e9a\u6d32\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u62a5\u300b\uff08Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies\uff09\u8fd1\u520a\u957f\u6587\u201cThe Last Words of Confucius\u201d\uff08\u5b54\u5b50\u7684\u9057\u8a00\uff09\u3002<sup>[33]<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bfe\u5916\u7cfb\u5217\u63a2\u7a76\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1a\u53e4\u7c4d\u6807\u70b9\u2014\u81ea\u52a8\u65ad\u53e5\u2014\u4e13\u540d\u8bad\u91ca\u2014\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u2014\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u4e94\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\uff0c\u5171\u8bfb\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u96c6\u6ce8\u300b\u4e09\u5377\uff1b\u4f59\u4e0b\u4e94\u5468\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bfb\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u4e24\u7bc7\u3002\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5728\u4f9d\u7167\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8fdb\u5ea6\uff0c\u9605\u8bfb\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u96c6\u6ce8\u300b\u53ca\u6709\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8bfe\u4e0a\u5171\u8bfb\uff0c\u5b66\u671f\u524d\u5341\u4e09\u5468\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u5c06\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u96c6\u6ce8\u300b\u91cd\u8bfb\u4e86\u4e24\u904d\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u7a0d\u589e\u51e0\u5206\u3002\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f88\u201c\u571f\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5c31\u662f\u62ff\u7740\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u96c6\u6ce8\u300b\uff0c\u9010\u5b57\u9010\u53e5\u8f6e\u6d41\u8bfb\u89e3\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5b66\u671f\u6ca1\u6709\u64ad\u8fc7\u4e00\u9875PPT\u3002\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u6709\u610f\u201c\u6297\u62d2\u201d\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u662f\u89c9\u5f97\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u201c\u8bfb\u4e66\u201d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8bfb\u53e4\u4eba\u4e66\uff0c\u5c31\u5e94\u5f53\u624b\u8fb9\u771f\u7684\u6709\u4e66\u3001\u6709\u7b14\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u968f\u65f6\u52fe\u5708\u70b9\u753b\uff1b\u800c\u4e14\u9664\u4e86\u9ed8\u8bc6\u5fc3\u901a\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u5f53\u51fa\u58f0\u6717\u8bfb\uff0c\u8bb2\u8bba\u4e00\u756a\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u7406\u89e3\u624d\u4f1a\u6df1\u523b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9664\u4e86\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u8457\uff0c\u5219\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u8c03\u52a8\u3001\u6316\u6398\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u201c\u9879\u76ee\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\u201d\uff08project-based 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Cowen\u6559\u6388\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e43\u62e5\u6709\u65e0\u5c3d\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u201c\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u201d\u3002<sup>[39]<\/sup>\u548c\u4e0d\u5c11\u540c\u4ec1\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\u6211\u4e5f\u53c2\u52a0\u8fc7\u8bb8\u591a\u5728\u7ebf\u8bb2\u5ea7\u3001\u6c99\u9f99\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u51fa\u5165\u4e8e\u5404\u7c7b\u6559\u5b66\u5e73\u53f0\u53ca\u865a\u62df\u201c\u6559\u5ba4\u201d\u201c\u73ed\u7ea7\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u5371\u751f\u673a\uff0c\u75ab\u60c5\u6b63\u5728\u5b9e\u8d28\u91cd\u5851\u5168\u7403\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u683c\u5c40\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7a81\u7834\u4f20\u7edf\u6559\u5b66\u4e2d\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u5a92\u4ecb\u7b49\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u91cd\u6784\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6559\u4e0e\u5b66\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u91cd\u5851\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u201c\u5e08\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6559\u80b2\u8ba4\u540c\u201d\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u521b\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7406\u2014\u2014\u5c06\u201c\u9ed1\u677f\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u201d\u62d3\u5c55\u81f3\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u201d\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u201c\u4f20\u9053\u4e4b\u5668\u201d\u540c\u65f6\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u53d8\u9053\u4e4b\u5668\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u77e5\u4e4b\u4f3c\u6d45\u3001\u884c\u4e4b\u751a\u6df1\u7684\u5b66\u95ee\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u79d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u7531\u4e0d\u53bb\u53cd\u601d\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u3002\u6211\u4ee5\u524d\u662f\u4e2d\u5b66\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u5927\u5b66\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6559\u5b66\u7ecf\u5386\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u9010\u6e10\u4f53\u5473\u5230\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u6559\u5b66\u201d\uff08instruction\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u6559\u5b66\u201d\uff08teaching as 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trip\uff08\u91ce\u5916\u8003\u5bdf\uff09\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u7406\u8bba\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bf4\u3002\u6545\u4e8b\u8bb2\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u624d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ea\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e2d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c\u7406\u8bba\u751f\u4ea7\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65f6\u5e38\u4e0d\u65e0\u7126\u8651\u5730\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u7279\u8272\u201d\uff0c\u9ad8\u8c08\u201c\u5efa\u6784\u201d\u3002\u900f\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u5927\u8bcd\u201d\u5c31\u80fd\u611f\u53d7\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u79bb\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u591a\u9065\u8fdc\uff01\u5199\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u8111\u4e2d\u81ea\u7136\u60f3\u8d77\u7ecf\u5178\u6e38\u620f\u300a\u7ea2\u8272\u8b66\u6212\u300b\uff08Red Alert\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u53e5\u201cconstruction complete\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u7406\u8bba\u201c\u5efa\u6784\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u76d6\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u54ea\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u5b8c\u6210\uff1f\u4f59\u82f1\u65f6\u6559\u6388\u8bba\u5b66\uff0c\u6709\u201c\u6c34\u4e2d\u76d0\u5473\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u773c\u91cc\u91d1\u5c51\u201d\u7684\u5999\u55bb\u3002[45]\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5411\u5f80\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u773c\u4e2d\u53ea\u6015\u8fde\u201c\u91d1\u5c51\u201d\u90fd\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u60df\u56e0\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u63c9\u63c9\u773c\u775b\uff0c\u4f46\u89c1\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b66\u672f\u7406\u8bba\u6216\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u5916\u9762\u770b\u53bb\u50cf\u662f\u4e94\u5149\u5341\u8272\u7684\u9e21\u5c3e\u9152\uff0c\u8403\u53d6\u6389\u90a3\u4e9b\u70ab\u76ee\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u767d\u5f00\u6c34\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u8bf4\u66fe\u5bf9\u67d0\u5730\u201c\u5f25\u6563\u578b\u5b97\u6559\u201d\uff08diffused religion\uff09\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u201c\u53c2\u4e0e\u5f0f\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\uff08participatory observation\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u4fe1\u4f17\u4f5c\u4e86\u201c\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u8bbf\u8c08\u201d\uff08unstructured interview\uff09\uff0c\u641c\u96c6\u5230\u82e5\u5e72\u201c\u539f\u59cb\u8d44\u6599\u201d\uff08primary materials\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u505a\u4e86\u201c\u5f71\u50cf\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\uff08visual 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class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_13-2-1024x523.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15625\" width=\"821\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_13-2-1024x523.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_13-2-300x153.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_13-2-768x393.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Tu_13-2.png 1514w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 821px) 100vw, 821px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe 10 2020 \u5e74\u6625\u5b63\u5b66\u671f\u5728\u7ebf\u6388\u8bfe\u90e8\u5206\u7814\u8ba8\u8981\u70b9\u901f\u8bb0\uff08\u674e\u6797\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#0071a1\"><strong>\u7ed3 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mining\uff09\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8ba1\u91cf\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3001GIS\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5206\u6790\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u8005\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u53c2\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7f16\u5236\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u66f4\u5177\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u3001\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u732e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u63a8\u8fdb\u6574\u4f53\u7814\u7a76\u3002<sup>[50]<\/sup>\u672c\u8f6e\u8f6c\u5411\u5f02\u4e8e\u5f80\u5e38\uff0c\u4f46\u5f71\u54cd\u65b9\u5174\u672a\u827e\u3002<sup>[51]<\/sup>\u6839\u636e\u7b14\u8005\u6709\u9650\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u975e\u5e38\u70ed\u95f9\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff1a\u89c2\u671b\u8005\u5c45\u591a\uff0c\u62b5\u62d2\u8005\u6b21\u4e4b\uff0c\u5b9e\u8df5\u8005\u8f83\u5c11\uff08\u6709\u589e\u591a\u4e4b\u52bf\uff09\uff0c\u5b9e\u8df5\u800c\u6709\u6210\u6548\u8005\u66f4\u5c11\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u79d1\u4e0a\u201c\u6b63\u540d\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u5728\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u201c\u964d\u7ef4\u201d\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u6709\u5b9e\u8d28\u63a8\u8fdb\u3002\u6216\u8005\u518d\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u767d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u4f1a\u4ee4\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u8005\u201c\u5931\u4e1a\u201d\u5417\uff1f\u5e94\u5f53\u4e0d\u4f1a\u3002\u8d8a\u662f\u201c\u65e0\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u8d8a\u662f\u9700\u8981\u201c\u5c5e\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u5b66\u95ee\u548c\u4f5c\u54c1\uff1b\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u4f1a\u56e0\u6b64\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6709\u9650\u63a2\u7a76\u548c\u7701\u601d\uff0c\u7686\u662f\u62dc\u65b0\u51a0\u75ab\u60c5\u6240\u201c\u8d50\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u6b21\u75ab\u75a0\uff0c\u63c6\u8bf8\u4eba\u7c7b\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u524d\u672a\u66fe\u6709\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u540e\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u201c\u4e0d\u53d7\u540e\u6709\u201d\u3002<sup>[52]<\/sup>\u6211\u662f\u7814\u4e60\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6df1\u77e5\u8fd9\u79cd\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u201c\u975e\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5584\u826f\u7684\u5fc3\u613f\uff08an unhistorical but kind wish\uff09\u3002\u75ab\u60c5\u6df1\u523b\u8b66\u9192\u5e76\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u75ab\u60c5\u6253\u4e71\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5c11\u8ba1\u5212\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u53bb\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u53bb\u8c03\u9002\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5f81\u6587\u8003\u732e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u8fc7\u5f80\u4e8b\u65e0\u5de8\u7ec6\uff0c\u63a2\u5e7d\u7d22\u5fae\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f53\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u6b63\u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u5de8\u53d8\u5168\u7136\u201c\u65e0\u611f\u201d\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d8\u5e94\u4e07\u53d8\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bdd\u8ba9\u4eba\u65e0\u6cd5\u53cd\u9a73\u53c8\u65e0\u4ece\u63aa\u624b\uff1b\u8eab\u5904\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u8ba4\u6e05\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53d8\u5e94\u53d8\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u201c\u4f60\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\u60a0\u60a0\u5343\u8f7d\u5df2\u901d\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6709\u5343\u5e74\u6c89\u5bc2\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u3002\u201d<sup>[53]<\/sup>\u8bb8\u591a\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff08\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u4f1a\u4f34\u968f\u4eba\u7c7b\u800c\u957f\u5b58\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f1a\u5e94\u65f6\u800c\u53d8\uff09\u91cd\u65b0\u63a2\u5bfb\u516c\u51432020\u5e74\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u906d\u9645\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6e3a\u82e5\u5c18\u57c3\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d9\u4e8b\u65f6\uff0c\u4f30\u8ba1\u90fd\u4f1a\u5148\u505a\u4e2a\u94fa\u57ab\uff1a\u6545\u4e8b\u8fd8\u5f97\u4ece\u66fe\u8086\u8650\u5168\u7403\u7684\u65b0\u51a0\u75c5\u6bd2\u8bb2\u8d77\u2026\u2026*\u672c\u6587\u53d7\u970d\u82f1\u4e1c\u6559\u80b2\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u9ad8\u7b49\u9662\u6821\u9752\u5e74\u6559\u5e08\u57fa\u91d1\uff08171092\uff09\u8d44\u52a9\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u8d44\u6e90\u5e73\u53f0\u53ca\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u9879\u76ee\u52a9\u76ca\u751a\u591a\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u53ca\u5199\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5510\u5bb8\u535a\u58eb\u3001\u6d2a\u6d9b\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\u3001\u5f90\u529b\u6052\u535a\u58eb\u3001\u6731\u672c\u519b\u535a\u58eb\u3001\u738b\u6d9b\u6559\u6388\u3001\u6731\u7fe0\u840d\u535a\u58eb\u3001\u8bb8\u53ef\u535a\u58eb\u6307\u6559\uff0c\u4fee\u8bfe\u540c\u5b66\u51c6\u5141\u79f0\u5f15\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5979\u4eec\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u8a00\u53ca\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u5e76\u81f4\u8c22\u5ff1\u3002\u7f16&nbsp;\u8f91&nbsp; |&nbsp; \u8bb8\u53ef<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#0071a1\"><strong>\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[1]\u53c2\u89c1\u6731\u71b9\uff1a\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u7ae0\u53e5\u96c6\u6ce8\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c2012\u5e74\u3002\u5b5f\u5baa\u627f\u9009\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u6587\u9009\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u534e\u4e1c\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2010\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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href=\"https:\/\/gj.library.sh.cn\/unionCatalogue\/search?searchType=simple&amp;freetext=%E6%89%AC%E5%AD%90%E6%B3%95%E8%A8%80\">https:\/\/gj.library.sh.cn\/unionCatalogue\/search?searchType=simple&amp;freetext=%E6%89%AC%E5%AD%90%E6%B3%95%E8%A8%80<\/a>\uff0c\uff0c2021\u5e7410\u67083\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[3]\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u540d\u8457\u9009\u8bfb\u300b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5fae\u4fe1\u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4\u7ec4\uff0c\u674e\u6797\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e744\u670826\u65e5\uff0c2020\u5e745\u67083\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[4]\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u540d\u8457\u9009\u8bfb\u300b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5fae\u4fe1\u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f55\u6587\u6587\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e745\u67084\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[5]\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u540d\u8457\u9009\u8bfb\u300b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5fae\u4fe1\u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4\u7ec4\uff0c\u6797\u66fc\u66fc\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e745\u67084\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[6]\u7f51\u9875\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.kanji.zinbun.kyoto-u.ac.jp\/kanseki\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.kanji.zinbun.kyoto-u.ac.jp\/kanseki\/<\/a>\uff0c2020\u5e745\u67085\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[7]\u53c2\u89c1\u97e9\u656c\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u6cd5\u8a00\u5168\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u6210\u90fd\uff1a\u5df4\u8700\u4e66\u793e\uff0c1999\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c207\u2014208\u9875\u3002\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u64b0\uff0c\u674e\u6587\u6cfd\u3001\u971e\u7ecd\u6656\u6821\u70b9\uff1a\u300a\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u96c6\u300b\u8865\u9057\u537710\uff0c\u6210\u90fd\uff1a\u56db\u5ddd\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2010\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c1767\u20141768\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[8]\u7f51\u9875\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/kuizhangge.cn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">kuizhangge.cn<\/a>\uff0c2020\u5e745\u67086\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[9]\u7f51\u9875\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/seg.shenshen.wiki\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/seg.shenshen.wiki\/<\/a>\uff0c2020\u5e745\u67086\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[10]\u63a2\u7a76\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e43\u8499\u5b89\u5fbd\u5927\u5b66\u5510\u5bb8\u535a\u58eb\u60e0\u544a\u7533\u8bf7\u8bd5\u7528\u4e4b\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[11]\u5eb7\u5b81\u4e34\uff1a\u300a\u8d70\u8fdb\u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c40\u6570\u5b57\u670d\u52a1\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c2020\u5e745\u67087\u65e5\u5728\u7ebf\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[12]\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u66fe\u53d1\u5e03\u8fc7\u81ea\u52a8\u65ad\u53e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5404\u4e2a\u4e13\u4e1a\u3001\u5404\u4e2a\u5b66\u5386\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u8bfb\u8005\u7684\u65ad\u53e5\u6c34\u5e73\u5bf9\u7167\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u6682\u672a\u627e\u5230\u6743\u5a01\u51fa\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[13]\u5e73\u53f0\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/autopun.ancientbooks.cn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/autopun.ancientbooks.cn\/<\/a>\uff0c2021\u5e749\u670830\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[14]\u542f\u793a\u5f97\u81ea\u80e1\u97e7\u594b\uff1a\u300a\u6d45\u8c08\u53e4\u7c4d\u6574\u7406\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff1a\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u6280\u672f\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u300b\uff0c2020\u5e745\u670830\u65e5\u5728\u7ebf\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[15]\uff08\u7f8e\uff09\u8d3a\u51ef\uff08Charles O. Hucker\uff09\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u5b98\u540d\u8f9e\u5178\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2008\u5e74\u5f71\u5370\u672c\u3002\u9f9a\u5ef6\u660e\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u4ee3\u804c\u5b98\u522b\u540d\u5927\u8f9e\u5178\uff08\u589e\u8ba2\u672c\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c2019\u5e74\u3002\u9f9a\u5ef6\u660e\uff1a\u300a\u5b8b\u4ee3\u5b98\u5236\u8f9e\u5178\uff08\u589e\u8865\u672c\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c2017\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[16]\u80e1\u7532\u4e00\uff1a\u300a\u3008\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u540d\u8457\u9009\u8bfb\u3009\u540d\u8bcd\u6ce8\u91ca\u4f5c\u4e1a\u300b\uff0c2020\u5e745\u670814\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002\u6b64\u5904\u7248\u5f0f\u7565\u7ecf\u7b14\u8005\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u9192\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[17]\u9093\u5e7f\u94ed\uff1a\u300a\u9093\u5c0f\u5357\u3008\u5b8b\u4ee3\u6587\u5b98\u9009\u4efb\u5236\u5ea6\u8bf8\u5c42\u9762\u3009\u5e8f\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u9093\u5e7f\u94ed\u5168\u96c6\u300b\u7b2c10\u5377\uff0c\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\uff1a\u6cb3\u5317\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2005\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c181\u2014185\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[18]\u6797\u66fc\u66fc\uff1a\u300a\u540d\u8bcd\u672f\u8bed\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u540d\u8457\u9009\u8bfb\u300b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c2020\u5e745\u670814\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[19]\u5173\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u738b\u6c4e\u68ee\u6559\u6388\u5728\u300a\u5982\u679c\u8ba9\u6211\u91cd\u505a\u4e00\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u300b\u4e4b\u6b63\u3001\u7eed\u7bc7\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf4\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u3002\u6536\u5165\u738b\u6c4e\u68ee\uff1a\u300a\u5929\u624d\u4e3a\u4f55\u6210\u7fa4\u5730\u6765\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2019\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c125\u2014156\u9875\u3002\u53ef\u60dc\u6211\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7adf\u672a\u53ca\u65f6\u8bfb\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u9042\u5e38\u5c06\u6b64\u6587\u63a8\u8350\u7ed9\u65b0\u751f\u9605\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[20]\u6731\u9e3f\u6797\uff1a\u300a\u3008\u660e\u5112\u5b66\u6848\u3009\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u8bba\u5b66\u6742\u8457\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u751f\u6d3b\u00b7\u8bfb\u4e66\u00b7\u65b0\u77e5\u4e09\u8054\u4e66\u5e97\uff0c2016\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c29\u201459\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[21]\u5434\u5149\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u9ec4\u5b97\u7fb2\u5168\u96c6\u300b\u7b2c3\u518c\uff0c\u676d\u5dde\uff1a\u6d59\u6c5f\u53e4\u7c4d\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2012\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c338\u2014436\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[22]\u7f51\u9875\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/site\/news_information\/conference\/5514.html\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"5514\">syxa.pkudh.org<\/a>\uff0c2020\u5e745\u670820\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[23]\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u540d\u8457\u9009\u8bfb\u300b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5fae\u4fe1\u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4\u7ec4\uff0c\u674e\u6797\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e745\u670821\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[24]\u9093\u5c0f\u5357\uff1a\u300a\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u70b9\u6ef4\u601d\u8003\u300b\uff0c2020\u5e746\u67086\u65e5\u5728\u7ebf\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[25]\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u540d\u8457\u9009\u8bfb\u300b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5fae\u4fe1\u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4\u7ec4\uff0c\u674e\u6167\u6167\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e745\u670821\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[26]\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u540d\u8457\u9009\u8bfb\u300b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5fae\u4fe1\u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4\u7ec4\uff0c\u90ed\u4fca\u73b2\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e745\u670821\u65e5\u3002[27]\u7f51\u9875\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projects.iq.harvard.edu\/chinesecbdb\">https:\/\/projects.iq.harvard.edu\/chinesecbdb<\/a>\uff0c2020\u5e745\u670825\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[28]\u6700\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u7531CBDB\u9879\u76ee\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u5f90\u529b\u6052\u535a\u58eb\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e76\u60e0\u5141\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8c28\u81f4\u8c22\u5ff1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[29]\u9b4f\u5e0c\u5fb7\uff1a\u300a\u6570\u5b57\u5386\u53f2\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u3001\u8bc4\u6d4b\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u300b\uff0c2020\u5e746\u67086\u65e5\u5728\u7ebf\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[30]\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u540d\u8457\u9009\u8bfb\u300b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5fae\u4fe1\u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4\u7ec4\uff0c\u5218\u592b\u674f\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e745\u670828\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[31]\u542f\u793a\u5f97\u81ea\u738b\u6d9b\u6559\u6388\uff0c2020\u5e747\u67085\u65e5\u5728\u7ebf\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[32]\u6837\u4f8b\u53ef\u89c1\u9b4f\u5e0c\u5fb7\u6559\u6388\u56e2\u961f\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u300a\u6d91\u6c34\u7eaa\u95fb\u300b\u6587\u672c\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/dh.chinese-empires.eu\/analysis\/information-territory-and-networks\/interactive\/otherNoteBooks\/ssjwInteractive.html\">https:\/\/dh.chinese-empires.eu\/analysis\/information-territory-and-networks\/interactive\/otherNoteBooks\/ssjwInteractive.html<\/a>\uff0c2020\u5e747\u67081\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[33]Michael Hunter, \u201cThe Last Words of Confucius,\u201dHarvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, vol. 78, no. 1, 2018, pp. 125-159.\u6700\u7ec8\u63d0\u4ea4\u671f\u672b\u4f5c\u4e1a\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e3a\uff1a\u64b0\u5199\u8bba\u65872\u4eba\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u65ad\u53e53\u4eba\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd12\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f1\u4eba\uff0c\u5404\u5f97\u5176\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[34]\uff08\u65e5\uff09\u4f50\u85e4\u5b66\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u5b66\u4e60\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u300b\uff0c\u949f\u542f\u6cc9\u8bd1\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u534e\u4e1c\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2010\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[35]\u5d14\u5141\u6f37\uff1a\u300a\u6307\u5411\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5b66\u5386\u6848\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u6559\u80b2\u300b2017\u5e74\u7b2c20\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[36]\u8c37\u542f\u51e1\uff1a\u300aCBDB\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u53ca\u601d\u8003\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u540d\u8457\u9009\u8bfb\u300b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5c0f\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c2020\u5e745\u670828\u65e5\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[37]\u6c88\u7ae0\u660e\u3001\u8bb8\u8425\u8425\uff1a\u300a\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u7d20\u517b\u201d\u7684\u751f\u6210\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u76f8\u5173\u653f\u7b56\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5206\u6790\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5916\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u7814\u7a76\u300b2019\u5e74\u7b2c11\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[38]\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u540d\u8457\u9009\u8bfb\u300b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5fae\u4fe1\u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4\u7ec4\uff0c\u674e\u6797\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e745\u670829\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[39]Robert Cowen, \u201cWhat is basic about Basic Education?\u201d\uff0c\u534e\u4e1c\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201c\u540e\u75ab\u60c5\u65f6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u5411\u4f55\u5904\u53bb\u201d\u4e13\u9898\u5f81\u7a3f\uff0c\u51fa\u7248\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[40]\uff08\u7f8e\uff09\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u6c49\u5c3c\u65af\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u8981\u9886\uff1a\u65af\u5766\u798f\u6821\u957f\u9886\u5bfc\u5341\u5f97\u300b\uff0c\u6768\u658c\u8bd1\uff0c\u676d\u5dde\uff1a\u6d59\u6c5f\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2020\u5e74\uff0c\u201c\u8bd1\u8005\u5e8f\u201d\u7b2cXXXV\u9875\u3002\u539f\u53e5\u4e3a\u201c\u5e08\u5982\u4f55\u6559\uff0c\u4ea6\u5e08\u6240\u6559\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[41]\u738b\u6d9b\u6559\u6388\u5373\u4ee5\u300a\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u827a\u300b\u4e3a\u9898\uff0c\u64b0\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u8be6\u89c1<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thepaper.cn\/newsDetail_forward_2023639\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.thepaper.cn\/newsDetail_forward_2023639<\/a>\uff0c2020\u5e745\u670810\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5f00\u8bbe\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[42]\u5173\u4e8e\u201ce\u8003\u636e\u201d\u7684\u610f\u6db5\u53ca\u5b9e\u8df5\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\u9ec4\u4e00\u519c\uff1a\u300a\u4e8c\u91cd\u594f\uff1a\u7ea2\u5b66\u4e0e\u6e05\u53f2\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c2015\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[43]\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u6df1\u63cf\u201d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\uff08\u7f8e\uff09\u514b\u5229\u798f\u5fb7\u00b7\u683c\u5c14\u8328\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u6587\u5316\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u300b\uff0c\u97e9\u8389\u8bd1\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u8bd1\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2014\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[44]\u5218\u826f\u534e\u6559\u6388\u4e2a\u4eba\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u4e4b\u201c\u6559\u80b2\u65e5\u77e5\u5f55\u201d\u680f\u76ee\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c2020\u5e745\u670812\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[45]\u4f59\u82f1\u65f6\u3001\u5085\u6770\uff1a\u300a\u8bba\u58eb\u8861\u53f2\uff1a\u5b66\u82d1\u82f1\u534e\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e0a\u6d77\u6587\u827a\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1999\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c399\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[46]\u7ae5\u4e16\u9a8f\uff1a\u300a\u540e\u75ab\u60c5\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u6211\u89c1\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u300b2020\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[47]\u9879\u98da\u3001\u5434\u7426\uff1a\u300a\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u4e0e\u9879\u98da\u8c08\u8bdd\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e0a\u6d77\u6587\u827a\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2020\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[48]\u5f15\u81ea\u534e\u4e1c\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u516c\u5171\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u57f9\u517b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f51\u9875\uff0c2021\u5e7410\u67086\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[49]\u201c\u592a\u6e05\u7f51\u201d\u4e3b\u9875\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/abkai.net\/zh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/abkai.net\/zh\/<\/a>\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u534e\u68b5\u6587\u6089\u6619\u4f53\u5b57\u5e93\u8f93\u5165\u6cd5\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\uff1a<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ancientbooks.cn\/helpcore?input\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.ancientbooks.cn\/helpcore?input<\/a>\u3002\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u95f4\u7686\u4e3a2021\u5e749\u67088\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[50]\u8d75\u601d\u6e0a\uff1a\u300a\u5730\u65b9\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u732e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5316\u4e0e\u6587\u672c\u6316\u6398\uff1a\u4ee5\u3008\u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u65b9\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u732e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3009\u4e3a\u4f8b\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u6e05\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u300b2016\u5e74\u7b2c4\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[51]\u8fc7\u53bb\u516d\u4e03\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u89c6\u91ce\u4e0a\u65b0\u5883\u751a\u591a\uff1b\u5176\u4e2d\u5f71\u54cd\u8f83\u5927\u8005\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5e94\u63a8\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u79cd\u201c\u8f6c\u5411\u201d\uff1a\u6587\u5316\u8f6c\u5411\uff08cultural turn\uff09\uff0c\u516c\u4f17\u8f6c\u5411\uff08public turn\uff09\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u8f6c\u5411\uff08global turn\uff09\u53ca\u6570\u5b57\u8f6c\u5411\uff08digital turn\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[52]\u65e9\u671f\u4f5b\u5178\u5982\u300a\u6742\u963f\u542b\u7ecf\u300b\u5e38\u79f0\u4e4b\u8bed\uff1a\u6211\u751f\u5df2\u5c3d\uff0c\u68b5\u884c\u5df2\u7acb\uff0c\u6240\u4f5c\u5df2\u4f5c\uff0c\u81ea\u77e5\u4e0d\u53d7\u540e\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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