{"id":25099,"date":"2024-03-12T12:54:53","date_gmt":"2024-03-12T04:54:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/?p=25099"},"modified":"2024-04-04T01:19:13","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T17:19:13","slug":"%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%97%e4%ba%ba%e6%96%87%e5%8f%8a%e5%85%b6%e5%9c%a8%e6%96%87%e5%ad%a6%e4%b8%8e%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/site\/works\/dhjournal\/202204\/25099.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u6587\u5b66\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"430\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25083\" style=\"aspect-ratio:2.3813953488372093;width:466px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-300x126.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-768x323.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#326a2c\"><strong>\u7f16\u8005\u6309\uff1a<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9a6c\u4fee\u00b7\u5a01\u5c14\u91d1\u65af\uff08Matthew Wilkens\uff09\u73b0\u4e3a\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u526f\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9a\u91cf\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u6587\u5316\u53f2\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u6587\u5b66\u6587\u672c\u6316\u6398\u3001\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u6587\u4f53\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6279\u8bc4\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u878d\u5408\u3002\u5728\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u97e6\u6069\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\uff08Wayne State University\uff09\u548c\u5723\u6bcd\u5927\u5b66\uff08University of Notre Dame\uff09\u957f\u671f\u62c5\u4efb\u82f1\u6587\u7cfb\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6559\u804c\u3002\u4ed6\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u675c\u514b\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u662f\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u8a79\u660e\u4fe1\uff08Frederic 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Wallerstein][2]\u3001\u5c3c\u514b\u62c9\u65af\u00b7\u5362\u66fc[Niklas Luhmann][3]\u3001\u897f\u683c\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u00b7J.\u65bd\u5bc6\u7279[Siegfried J.Schmidt][4]\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e0b\u6587\u8981\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u63a5\u53d7\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u90fd\u5e26\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5bfc\u5411\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u66f4\u660e\u786e\u5730\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fdb\u6765\uff0c\u5c06\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u5d1b\u8d77\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002[5]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6587\u672c\u6316\u6398\u548c\u53d8\u5f62\uff08<\/strong><strong>Deformance<\/strong><strong>\uff09<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u91c7\u7528\u6210\u719f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5b89\u5fb7\u9c81\u00b7\u6d3e\u73c0\uff08Andrew Piper\uff09\u548c\u9a6c\u514b\u00b7\u963f\u5c14\u5409-\u4f11\u4f0a\u7279\uff08Mark Algee-Hewitt\uff09\u5728\u6b4c\u5fb7\u5168\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u53d6\u300a\u5c11\u5e74\u7ef4\u7279\u4e4b\u70e6\u607c\u300b\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u5f81\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6d3e\u73c0\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u5409-\u4f11\u4f0a\u7279\u79f0\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\u201c\u62d3\u6251\u9605\u8bfb\u201d\uff08topological reading\uff09\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u5171\u73b0\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002[6]\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5e76\u975e\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u8ffd\u8e2a\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u5728\u6b4c\u5fb7\u540e\u671f\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u4e5f\u5f88\u5fae\u5999\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5206\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\u5374\u5f88\u6613\u61c2\uff08\u89c1\u56fe1\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e86\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u50cfder\u3001die\u548cund\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672c\u8eab\u8bed\u4e49\u5185\u5bb9\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u529f\u80fd\u8bcd\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e86\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\uff08\u786e\u5207\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f91\u4e2a\uff09\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bcd\u5728\u6b4c\u5fb7\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9891\u7387\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u8861\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e5d\u5341\u4e00\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e86\u5176\u6b27\u51e0\u91cc\u5f97\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u9ad8\u5174\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u50cf\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u90a3\u4e48\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5dee\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u3002[7]\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u8fd991\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u4e0e\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5728\u56fe\u4e0a\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u5c31\u8fd1\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u8bcd\u9891\u6a21\u5f0f\u5dee\u522b\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u8ddd\u79bb\u5219\u66f4\u8fdc\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6d3e\u73c0\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u5409-\u4f11\u4f0a\u7279\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u4e24\u4e24\u6210\u5bf9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u6d4b\u91cf\u7ed3\u679c\u964d\u7ef4\u751f\u6210\u56fe1\u4e2d\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7684\u7ef4\u8bfa\u56fe\uff08\u53ef\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5c06\u5730\u7403\u4eea\u538b\u6210\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u6b64\u56fe\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\uff09\u3002\u56fe1\u4e2d\u6bcf\u5757\u591a\u8fb9\u5f62\u533a\u5757\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u6b4c\u5fb7\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u3002\u76f8\u8ddd\u8f83\u8fd1\u7684\u591a\u8fb9\u5f62\u8868\u793a\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd991\u4e2a\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u8bcd\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u4e0a\u66f4\u4e3a\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u7ef4\u7279\u5f0f\u7684\u201d\uff08Wertherian\uff09\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u7ef4\u7279\u5f0f\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\uff08\u5b83\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u9664\u4e86\u5254\u9664\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ec5\u5728\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bcd\u548c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u90fd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u505a\u533a\u5206\uff09\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9891\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u8ddd\u79bb\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0e\u5c0f\u591a\u8fb9\u5f62\u533a\u5757\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5927\u533a\u5757\u5219\u4e0e\u6b4c\u5fb7\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5747\u503c\u201d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"936\" height=\"736\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_1-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25125\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_1-2.jpg 936w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_1-2-300x236.jpg 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_1-2-768x604.jpg 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_1-2-15x12.jpg 15w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 936px) 100vw, 936px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u56fe1 \u6839\u636e\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u8bcd\u5bf9\u6b4c\u5fb7\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5217[8]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6d3e\u73c0\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u5409-\u4f11\u4f0a\u7279\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4f60\u6240\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\uff08\u6216\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\uff1b\u5b83\u662f\u56fe1\u5de6\u8fb9\u7f18\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u767d\u8272\u591a\u8fb9\u5f62\uff09\u3001\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u6b4c\u5fb7\u65e9\u671f\u4e0e\u540e\u671f\u5199\u4f5c\u98ce\u683c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\uff08\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65ad\u88c2\uff09\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bc4\u4f30\u90fd\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5927\u90fd\u8131\u80ce\u4e8e\u7ee7\u4e3d\u838e\u00b7\u8428\u7f2a\u5c14\uff08Lisa Samuels\uff09\u548c\u6770\u7f57\u59c6\u00b7\u9ea6\u7518\uff08Jerome McGann\uff09[9]\u4e4b\u540e\u3001\u65af\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u62c9\u59c6\u585e\uff08Stephen Ramsay\uff09\u6240\u79f0\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u201c\u53d8\u5f62\u201d\uff08deformative\uff09\u672c\u8d28\uff0c[10]\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u79f0\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u201c\u53d8\u5f62\u5f15\u64ce\u201d\uff08variation engine\uff09\u3002[11]\u6211\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u5927\u91cf\u65f6\u95f4\u82b1\u5728\u9605\u8bfb\u9875\u9762\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\u6765\u81ea\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u5c42\u6587\u672c\u7c07\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5148\u5c06\u805a\u7c7b\u4e8e\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6253\u6563\u6210\u9875\u9762\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\uff08\u6bcf\u9875200\u8bcd\uff09\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5c06\u6700\u521d\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u518d\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u76f8\u4f3c\u548c\u4e0d\u76f8\u4f3c\u9875\u9762\u7684\u5b50\u7c07\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u79bb\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8f83<br>\u8fdc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u7c07\uff08\u5728\u56fe1\u4e2d\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u7c07\u90fd\u7528\u9ed1\u7ebf\u5ed3\u51fa\u4e86\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9a\u4f4d\u51fa\u67d0\u79cd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u7ef4\u7279\u6027\u201d\uff08Wertherness\uff09\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\uff08\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u501f\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u65e0\u8d23\u5907\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff09\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u79cd\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u5408\u4e4e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7ec6\u8bfb\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u957f\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u82b1\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u77ed\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u7bc7\u5e45\u6765\u89e3\u8bfb\u201c\u624b\u201d\uff08hand\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u624b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5728\u8ddd\u79bb\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6587\u672c\u201c\u9875\u9762\u201d\u7247\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u751f\u4ea7\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u3001\u4f7f\u6587\u672c\u7edf\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5bf9\u5728\u8ddd\u79bb\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u8f83\u8fdc\u7684\u9876\u7ea7\u6587\u672c\u7c07\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b64\u7c7b\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u505a\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4ece\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u827a\u672f\u77e5\u8bc6\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u7684\u5bf9\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6d3e\u73c0\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u5409-\u4f11\u4f0a\u7279\u6700\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u662f\uff0c\u6b4c\u5fb7\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u548c\u665a\u671f\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u3002\u7531\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8bcd\u7c07\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7565\u5fae\u5938\u5927\u4e86\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u8bcd\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5176\u72ec\u6709\u7684\uff08\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u7ed3\u5c3e\u5904\u627f\u8ba4\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4eca\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u5f3a\u8c03\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e5f\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u5728\u5b9a\u91cf\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u6536\u96c6\u8bc1\u636e\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u6d3e\u73c0\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u5409-\u4f11\u4f0a\u7279\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u8f85\u52a9\u6587\u5b66\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u597d\u5904\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e00\u7ec4\u65b0\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u6b4c\u5fb7\u7684\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u673a\u4f1a\u5c06\u8be5\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u964c\u751f\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u9605\u8bfb\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u6587\u672c\u548c\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u90fd\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u964c\u751f\u5316\u5e38\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u5f97\u7684\u3001\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0e\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u7ec6\u8bfb\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u622a\u7136\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u6587\u5b66\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5f17\u6717\u79d1\u00b7\u83ab\u83b1\u8482\u6700\u8fd1\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u7574\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u548c\u6f5c\u529b\u5728\u82cf\u771f\uff08Richard Jean So\uff09\u548c\u970d\u4f0a\u7279\u00b7\u6717\uff08Hoyt Long\uff09\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u5b66\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u82cf\u771f\u548c\u970d\u4f0a\u7279\u00b7\u6717\u5bf9\u6587\u5b66\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u8fd9\u65e2\u662f\u7406\u89e320\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u5168\u7403\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u601d\u8003\u5f71\u54cd\u4f20\u64ad\u548c\u8bd7\u6b4c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6587\u732e\u7efc\u6240\u8868\u660e\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5e76\u4e0d\u65b0\u9c9c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u8bc1\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u82cf\u771f\u548c\u970d\u4f0a\u7279\u00b7\u6717\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u5b66\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5176\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u6570\u767e\u79cd\u8bd7\u6b4c\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u95f4\u8de8\u5ea6\u5206\u522b\u4e3a1915\u5e74\u81f31930\u5e74\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\uff09\u30011920\u5e74\u81f31944\u5e74\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff09\u548c1911\u5e74\u81f31949\u5e74\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6309\u5e74\u4efd\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u5404\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bd7\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u5c06\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0e\u671f\u520a\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002[12]\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5927\u5bb6\u5df2\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089\u7684\u56fe\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u56fe2\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u57fa\u4e8e\u6742\u5fd7\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bd7\u5b66\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e09\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u80cc\u666f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u8981\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7531\u6742\u5fd7\u300a\u8bd7\u6b4c\u300b\uff08Poetry\uff09\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u5bb6\u8bb8\u591a\u90fd\u4e0e\u5176\u6709\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e8c\u7ea7\u548c\u4e09\u7ea7\u96c6\u7fa4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\u90fd\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bd7\u4eba\u7fa4\u4f53\uff1b\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u7531\u5c11\u6570\u4f5c\u5bb6\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bd7\u98ce\u66f4\u52a0\u4e0d\u62d8\u4e00\u683c\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5219\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u9635\u8425\uff0c\u800c\u4e24\u5927\u9635\u8425\u4e4b\u95f4\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u300a\u8bd7\u795e\u300b\uff08Shishin, Muse\uff09\u5f25\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u8bd7\u6b4c\u6c1b\u56f4\u66f4\u52a0\u4e24\u6781\u5206\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u300a\u8bd7\u795e\u300b\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u4e3a\u7a00\u5c11\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u671f\u520a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u5c0f\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u53ef\u7531\u591a\u6e20\u9053\u53d1\u8868\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u8bd7\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u5f88\u5c11\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u89c1\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u5df4\u5c14\u5e72\u5316\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u56fe\u666f\uff0c\u5982\u8981\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u6216\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u673a\u4f1a\u8981\u5c11\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"946\" height=\"679\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_2-1.jpg 946w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_2-1-300x215.jpg 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_2-1-768x551.jpg 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_2-1-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 946px) 100vw, 946px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u56fe2 \u7f8e\u56fd\u8bd7\u6b4c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c1917\u20141918\u5e74[13]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6f14\u53d8\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u65b0\u8bc1\u636e\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u82cf\u771f\u548c\u6717\u8fd8\u501f\u7528\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u63ae\u5ba2\u201d\uff08brokers\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u79f0\u7684\u8bd7\u6b4c\u9886\u57df\u7684\u201c\u63ae\u5ba2\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bd7\u4eba\u6240\u5904\u7684\u68af\u961f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u6216\u6700\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bd7\u4eba\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\u539f\u672c\u4e0d\u76f8\u5e72\u7684\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u827e\u7c73\u00b7\u6d1b\u5a01\u5c14\uff08Amy Lowell\uff09\u548c\u5eb7\u8482\u00b7\u5361\u4f26\uff08Countee Cullen\uff09\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u201c\u63ae\u5ba2\u201d\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90fd\u88ab\u81f3\u5c11\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5c0f\u5708\u5b50\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u5c0f\u5708\u5b50\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u548c\u58f0\u671b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u53ea\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u7c7b\u65d7\u8230\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002[14]\u5bf9\u201c\u63ae\u5ba2\u201d\u4e2d\u4ecb\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6d1b\u5a01\u5c14\u548c\u5361\u4f26\uff0c\u6216\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u8fd1\u85e4\u4e1c\uff08Kond\u014d Azuma\uff09\u3001\u7af9\u4e2d\u90c1\uff08Takenaka Iku\uff09\u3001\u5317\u5ddd\u51ac\u5f66\uff08Kitagawa Fuyuhiko\uff09\u548c\u5c3e\u5f62\u9f9f\u4e4b\u52a9\uff08Ogata Kamenosuke\uff09\u7b49\u8bd7\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5177\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u66f4\u6982\u62ec\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u9002\u5408\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9a\u4f4d\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6b64\u4e3e\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u8003\u5bdf\u518d\u6b21\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u82cf\u771f\u548c\u6717\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u5176\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u805a\u7c7b\u548c\u56fe\u8c31<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u6587\u5b66\u521b\u4f5c\u9886\u57df\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4ecb\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u53d8\u5f62\uff08textual deformance\uff09\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6d3e\u73c0\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u5409-\u4f11\u4f0a\u7279\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u8bcd\u8bed\u5171\u73b0\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u4e3b\u9898\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5b66\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u4e00\u8bed\u8a00\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u5927\u5206\u6790\u300b[15]\u4e2d\uff0c\u9a6c\u4fee\u00b7\u7ea6\u514b\u65af\uff08Matthew Jockers\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u529f\u80fd\u8bcd\u8ba1\u6570\u3001\u4e3b\u9898\u5efa\u6a21\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d3e\u73c0\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u5409-\u4f11\u4f0a\u7279\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u5ea6\u91cf\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u517319\u4e16\u7eaa\u82f1\u7f8e\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u8be6\u5c3d\u5730\u56fe\u3002\u7ea6\u514b\u65af\u7684\u4e66\u662f\u8fd1\u671f\u552f\u4e00\u4ee5\u4e13\u8457\u7bc7\u5e45\u63a2\u7d22\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u8bfb\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5b9a\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6d6a\u6f2b\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6cf0\u5fb7\u00b7\u5b89\u5fb7\u4f0d\u5fb7\uff08Ted Underwood\uff09\u7528\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bc4\u4f3018\u548c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u6587\u5b66\u8f9e\u85fb\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u300120\u4e16\u7eaa\u6279\u8bc4\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e9e\u5927\u7684HathiTrust\u6570\u5b57\u6863\u6848\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u6784\u6210\u3002[16]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7279\u522b\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u53d7\u77a9\u76ee\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u6587\u5b66\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5730\u56fe\u201d\uff08Mapping the Republic of Letters\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u8bd5\u56fe\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u6765\u6269\u5c55\u5e15\u65af\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u5361\u8428\u8bfa\u74e6\uff08Pascale Casanova\uff09\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u8be5\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e0e\u82cf\u771f\u548c\u6717\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5143\u6570\u636e\u800c\u975e\u8ba1\u7b97\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"438\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_3-1-1024x438.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25127\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_3-1-1024x438.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_3-1-300x128.jpg 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_3-1-768x329.jpg 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_3-1-18x8.jpg 18w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_3-1.jpg 1384w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u56fe3 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class=\"has-text-align-right\">\uff08\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u59dc\u6587\u6d9b\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\uff1aMatthew Wilkens,\u201cDigital Humanities and Its Application in the Study of Literature and Culture,\u201dComparative Literature, vol. 67, no. 1, March 2015, pp. 11-20. \u3002\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53ca\u51fa\u7248\u5df2\u83b7\u5f97\u4f5c\u8005\u5141\u8bb8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[1]\u9664\u4e86\u672c\u6587\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u5f15\u8ff0\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u5916\uff0c\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u8fd8\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a David K. Elson, Nicholas Dames, Kathleen R. McKeown,\u201cExtracting Social Networks form Literary Fiction,\u201d Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, ed. Jan Haji\u010d et al., Uppsala: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2010, pp. 138-147; Michel Jean-Baptiste, Yuan Kui Shen, Erez Liberman Aiden, \u201cQuantitative Analysis of Culture Using Millions of Digitized Books,\u201d Science, vol. 331, no. 6014, 2011, pp. 176-182; Timothy R.Tangherlini, Peter Leonard,\u201cTrawling in the Sea of the Great Unread: Sub-Corpus Topic Modeling and Humanities Research,\u201d Poetics, vol. 41, no. 6, 2013, pp. 725-749\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c Morreti\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4ecd\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\uff1aMoretti Franco, Graphs, Maps, Trees: Abstract Models for a Literary History, New York: Verso, 2005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[2]Immanuel Wallerstein ed., The Modern World-System in the \u201cLongue Dur\u00e9e\u201d, London: Paradigm, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[3]Niklas Luhmann, Social Systems, Trans. John Bednarz Jr., Dirk Baecker, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[4]Siegfried J. Schmidt,\u201c Literary Studies from Hermeneutics to Media Culture Studies,\u201d CLCWeb:Comparative Literature and Culture, vol. 12, no. 1, 2010, <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.7771\/1481-4374.1569\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.7771\/1481-4374.1569<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[5]\u5c31\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bfc\u5411\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f0f\u601d\u7ef4\u5728\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u9762\u660e\u663e\u7684\u8bd5\u91d1\u77f3\u5305\u62ec\uff1a Wai Chee Dimock, Through Other Continents:American Literature across Deep Time, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006; Paul Giles, The Global<em> Remapping of American Literature<\/em>, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2011; David Damrosch, What Is World<em> Literature?<\/em>, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003; Pascale Casanova, The World Republic of Letters, Trans. M. B. DeBevoise, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2004\u3002 \u5f53 \u7136 \u8fd8 \u6709 \u5f17 \u6717 \u79d1\u00b7 \u83ab \u83b1 \u8482\uff08 Franco Moretti\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[6]\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u62d3\u6251\u5b66\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u8bcd\u8bed\u7684\u91cd\u73b0\uff0c\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ddd\u79bb\u5185\u81ea\u6211\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u2026\u2026\u62d3\u6251\u5b66\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4ece\u884c\u52a8\u4e0a\u601d\u8003\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u5b83\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4ece\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u5b83\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u91cd\u590d\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u610f\u4e49\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u6216\u5185\u5728\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u62d3\u6251\u5b66\u4e2d\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201d\uff08\u7b2c157\u9875\uff09\u3002\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7ec6\u8282\u53ef\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\uff1a Andrew Piper, Mark Algee-Hewitt,\u201cThe Werther Effect I: Goethe, Objecthood, and the Handling of Knowledge,\u201d ed. Matt Erlin, Lynn Tatlock, Distant Readings: Topologies of German Culture in the Long Nineteenth Century, Rochester: Camden House, 2014, pp. 155-184\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5bf9\u62d3\u6251\u5b66\u672c\u8eab\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u89c1Andrew Piper,\u201cReading&#8217;s Refrain: From Bibliography to Topology,\u201d ELH, vol. 80, no. 2, 2013, pp. 373-399\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[7]\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u4f60\u8981\u5bf9\u5dee\u8fdb\u884c\u5e73\u65b9\uff0c\u6c42\u548c\uff0c\u518d\u53d6\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\u3002\u4f60\u5b9e\u9645\u5728\u505a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd0\u7528\u4e5d\u5341\u4e00\u7ef4\u7684\u6bd5\u8fbe\u54e5\u62c9\u65af\u5b9a\u7406\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5c0f\u5b66\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c A\u548cB\u4e24\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"97\" height=\"72\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_4-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25128\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.3472222222222223;width:77px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_4-1.jpg 97w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_4-1-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 97px) 100vw, 97px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p> \uff0c\u5176\u4e2dx\u662fA\u548cB\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c y\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u6d3e\u73c0\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u5409-\u4f11\u4f0a\u7279\u5bf9x1\u3001 x2\u3001\u2026\u2026xm\u8fdb\u884c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c xi\u8868\u793a\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u300b\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u768491\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e4b\u4e00\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u7684\u5dee\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u8bcd\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[8]\u56fe\u8868\u6765\u6e90\uff1a Andrew Piper, Mark Algee-Hewitt,\u201cThe Werther Effect I,\u201d p. 158\u3002\u7ecf\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[9]Lisa Samuels, Jerome McGann,\u201cDeformance and Interpretation,\u201d New Literary History, vol. 30, no. 1,1999, pp. 25-56.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[10]Stephen Ramsay, Reading Machines: Toward an Algorithmic Criticism, Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2011, p. 32.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[11]Andrew Piper, Mark Algee-Hewitt,\u201cThe Werther Effect I,\u201d p. 169.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[12]\u7528\u6280\u672f\u672f\u8bed\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u548c\u6742\u5fd7\u90fd\u662f\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8282\u70b9\u7531\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e0\u5411\u7684\u7ebf\u6761\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ebf\u6761\u5219\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bd7\u4eba\u5728\u4e00\u4efd\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u6240\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bd7\u6b4c\u3002\u7ebf\u6761\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6240\u53d1\u8868\u8bd7\u6b4c\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u52a0\u6743\u7684\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u6309\u5e74\u4efd\u5212\u5206\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[13]\u56fe\u8868\u6765\u6e90\uff1a Richard Jean So, Hoyt Long,\u201cNetwork Analysis and the Sociology of Modernism,\u201d Boundary<em> 2<\/em>, vol. 40, no. 2, 2013, pp. 147-182\u3002\u7ecf\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[14]\u82cf\u771f\u548c\u6717\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u63ae\u5ba2\u4e0e\u793e\u4ea4\u4e0a\u7684\u63ae\u5ba2\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u540e\u8005\u66f4\u591a\u7531\u9ad8\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u7684\u4f5c\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5e9e\u5fb7\uff08 Pound\uff09\u6216\u4f11\u65af\uff08 Hughes\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[15]Matthew L. Jockers, Macroanalysis: Digital Methods and Literary History, Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[16]\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u5b66\u8bcd\u85fb\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u89c1Ted Underwood, Jordan Sellers,\u201cThe Emergence of Literary Diction,\u201d Journal of<em> Digital Humanities<\/em>, vol. 1, no. 2, 2012, http:\/\/journalofdigitalhumanities.org\/1-2\/the-emergence-of-literarydiction-by-ted-underwood-and-jordan-sellers\/\uff1b\u5173\u4e8e\u6279\u8bc4\u671f\u520a\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u89c1Andrew Goldstone, Ted Underwood,\u201cThe Quiet Transformations of Literary Studies: What Thirteen Thousand Scholars Could Tell Us,\u201dNew Literary History, vol. 45, on. 3, 2014, pp. 359-384\uff1b\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u89c1Ted Underwood et al.,\u201cMapping Mutable Genres in Structurally Complex Volumes,\u201d Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Big Data, Santa Clara, California, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1309.3323\">http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1309.3323<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[17]Matthew Wilkens,\u201cThe Geographic Imagination of Civil War-Era American Fiction,\u201d American Literary<em> History<\/em>, vol. 25, no. 4, 2013, p. 809.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[18]Franco Moretti, Graphs, Maps, Trees: Abstract Models for a Literary History, New York: Verso, 2005, p. 4.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7f16\u8005\u6309\uff1a \u9a6c\u4fee\u00b7\u5a01\u5c14\u91d1\u65af\uff08Matthew Wilkens\uff09\u73b0\u4e3a\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u526f\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9a\u91cf\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9 [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":25129,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[4931],"tags":[29],"class_list":["post-25099","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-4931","tag-29"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":6}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25099","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25099"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25099\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25130,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25099\/revisions\/25130"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25099"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25099"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25099"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}