{"id":25132,"date":"2024-03-12T13:03:29","date_gmt":"2024-03-12T05:03:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/?p=25132"},"modified":"2024-04-04T01:19:06","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T17:19:06","slug":"%e7%bb%8f%e5%85%b8%e3%80%81%e7%bb%86%e8%af%bb%e4%b8%8e%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e7%9a%84%e6%bc%94%e5%8f%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/site\/works\/dhjournal\/202204\/25132.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7ecf\u5178\u3001\u7ec6\u8bfb\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6f14\u53d8"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"430\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25083\" style=\"aspect-ratio:2.3813953488372093;width:449px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-300x126.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-768x323.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#552282;font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.156), 16px);\"><strong>\u9a6c\u4fee\u00b7\u5a01\u5c14\u91d1\u65af \/ \u7f8e\u56fd\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#552282;font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.156), 16px);\"><strong>\u9648\u5927\u9f99\uff08\u8bd1\uff09 \/ \u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u56fd\u9645\u8054\u5408\u5b66\u9662<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#12226a;color:#12226a\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff1a\u7ecf\u5178\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u613f\u610f\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u6211\u4eec\u6570\u5b57\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5b9a\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u5927\u578b\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u6211\u88ab\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u957f\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u8d23\u5907\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u624d\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5173\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5178\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5bf9\u7ecf\u5178\u5f00\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5f20\u662f\u5371\u9669\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u6211\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5f20\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65f630\u5e74\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u662f\uff0c\u5f88\u65e9\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7ecf\u5178\u5df2\u7ecf\u8f93\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u5f88\u62b1\u6b49\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u95ee\u95ee\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e3a\u5b66\u4f4d\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8bd5\u800c\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u6216\u8005\u82f1\u8bed\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u8c01\u4f1a\u627f\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u8fc7\u54c8\u59c6\u96f7\u7279\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u7ecf\u5178\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002\u6211\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e0d\u662f\u963f\u8bfa\u5fb7\u2014\u5e03\u9c81\u59c6[1]\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u5217\u4e3e\u4f1f\u5927\u4e66\u7c4d\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u6e05\u5355\uff1b\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u662f\u66fe\u7ecf\u5b9a\u4e49\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6b7b\u53bb\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u7537\u6027\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7684\u90a3\u4efd\u540d\u5355\u3002\u800c\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u5143\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u771f\u7684\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u8fc7\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e66\u624d\u80fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u5411\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u6559\u6388\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6709\u5173\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5982\u4eca\u53c8\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u5178\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u540c\u610f\u7ecf\u5178\u662f\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5e9f\u9664\u5b83\u4eec\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u8fb9\u7f18\u4e0a\u4fee\u4fee\u8865\u8865\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u62d6\u59ae\u00b7\u83ab\u91cc\u68ee[2]\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u51cf\u53bb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5fb7\u83b1\u987f[3]\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5462\uff1f\u8bf4\u5f97\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u8fd9\u8ddf\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u3001\u8ddf\u6570\u5b57\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#552282\"><strong>\u4e30\u5bcc\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6709\u7ecf\u5178\uff1f\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u8bf4\u8d77\u6765\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u89e3\u51b3\u8d77\u6765\u663e\u7136\u5f88\u96be\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6bcf\u5e74\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6570\u91cf\u90fd\u5728\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u901f\u5ea6\u5e76\u4e0d\u6bd4\u4ee5\u524d\u5feb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u9605\u8bfb\u4e66\u7c4d\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u9605\u8bfb\u5171\u540c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8c08\u8bba\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u628a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u82b1\u5728\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u6587\u672c\u96c6\u5408\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u6784\u6210\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u5927\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u3002[4]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6b63\u786e\u770b\u5f85\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf7\u8003\u8651\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6587\u5b66\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\uff08\u5982\u56fe1\u6240\u793a\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\u5f88\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65b0\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u8fc5\u901f\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\uff08\u50cf\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u6837\uff09\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u7535\u5b50\u7248\u548c\u6309\u9700\u5370\u5237\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4ec5\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u957f\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8bf4\u65b0\u4f5c\u6bcf\u5e74\u5c31\u6709\u4e94\u4e07\u90e8\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u591a\uff08\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u5212\u5206\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4f4e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u4e5f\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u540c\u6837\u591a\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff09\u3002\u5168\u7f8e\u56fe\u4e66\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u5e76\u672a\u8d85\u8fc7\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\uff08\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u51fa\u7248\u6536\u5165\u5360GDP\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u7ea6\u4e3a0.2%[5]\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u73b0\u5728\u88ab\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u6240\u5206\u5272\u3002\u8fd9\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u4ece\u91c7\u8bbf\u5230\u53d1\u884c\u518d\u5230\u8425\u9500\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u90fd\u5728\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u51fa\u7248\u6587\u672c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6fc0\u589e\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u4ef6\u597d\u4e8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u8fdb\u5165\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e5f\u66f4\u591a\uff08\u81f3\u5c11\u4ece\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6765\u770b\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ea\u8bfb\u5230\u4e86\u5f53\u4ee3\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u5fae\u4e0d\u8db3\u9053\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u7ea6\u4e3a0.1%\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u8fd8\u66f4\u5c11\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e30\u5bcc\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u663e\u7136\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e25\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u56fe1\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff1a\u5c3d\u7ba12000\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u6bcf\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u6570\u91cf\u8981\u5c11\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7edd\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f4e\u3002\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u6709\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u7684\u65b0\u5c0f\u8bf4\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u518d\u5f80\u524d\u770b\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u5546\u65e9\u572818\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u5468\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5c31\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u90e8\u4e86\uff1b[6]\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u5546\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u4e5f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002[7]\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u91cf\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5982\u5341\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4f46\u9605\u8bfb\u91cf\u65e0\u6cd5\u8ddf\u4e0a\u5f53\u4ee3\u6587\u5b66\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5374\u5e76\u4e0d\u65b0\u9c9c\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u613f\u610f\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u80fd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"969\" height=\"601\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_1-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_1-3.jpg 969w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_1-3-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_1-3-768x476.jpg 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_1-3-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 969px) 100vw, 969px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u56fe1 1940\u5e74\u81f32010\u5e74\u95f4\u7f8e\u56fd\u6bcf\u5e74\u65b0\u51fa\u7248\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7684\u6570\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a1940\u20141991\u5e74\u6570\u636e\u6765\u81eaGreco\u7b49\u4eba\uff1b[8]1993\u20142010\u5e74\u6570\u636e\u6765\u81eaR.R.Bowker\u3002[9]\u8003\u8651\u5230Bowker\u516c\u53f8\u540e\u6765\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5bf91991\u5e74\u53ca\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\u4ea7\u51fa\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8c03\u6574\uff08\u5411\u4e0a\u8c03\u6574\u4e863\u500d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u51b3\u5b9a\u7565\u6389\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u8bfb\u3002\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u51e0\u4ee3\u4eba\u90fd\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f\uff0c\u201c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5199\u8fc7\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u201d\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u52e4\u594b\u5730\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bfb\u4e0d\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8bfb\u7684\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u8fdc\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u6587\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\u9886\u57df\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u6709\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u8005\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bfb\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u7531\u4e3b\u8981\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u79ef\u6781\u63a8\u5e7f\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5546\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u5ba1\u67e5\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3001\u66f4\u5177\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u6216\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u6587\u5316\u504f\u89c1\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u504f\u89c1\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u8bfb\u5f97\u592a\u5c11\uff09\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u77e5\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u6b63\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u504f\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u3002\u5766\u7387\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u5f97\u6bd4\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u6216\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u524d\u90a3\u4e9b\u6b7b\u53bb\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u7537\u6027\u597d\u4e0d\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u667a\u529b\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u9519\u89c9\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u5730\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e3a\u662f\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u672a\u8bfb\u4e66\u7c4d\u7684\u5b58\u91cf\u9010\u5468\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u65e5\u76ca\u4e25\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5176\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u3001\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5178\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7f18\u81ea\u6211\u4eec\u6587\u5b66\u5b66\u8005\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u603b\u662f\u5e76\u4e14\u5355\u72ec\u5730\u628a\u7ec6\u8bfb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u5206\u6790\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ece\u4e8b\u6570\u5b57\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u6211\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c11\u505a\u7ec6\u8bfb\uff0c\u591a\u505a\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u5173\u6587\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u4f1a\u4f53\u73b0\u5927\u7684\u6587\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u56fe\u4e66\u8ba1\u91cf\u5b66\uff08bibliometrics\uff09\u3001\u56fe\u4e66\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6316\u6398\u548c\u5b9a\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6790\u3001\u56fe\u4e66\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u5316\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u3002\u5f17\u6717\u79d1\u00b7\u83ab\u83b1\u8482\uff08Franco Morreti\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7\u7ef4\u7279\u83ab\uff08Michael Witmore\uff09\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\u620f\u5267\u7684\u7814\u7a76[10]\u548c\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u65af\u00b7\u8fbe\u6885\u65af\uff08Nicholas Dames\uff09[11]\u5bf919\u4e16\u7eaa\u5c0f\u8bf4\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#552282\"><strong>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u5236\u56fe<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7ed8\u5236\u4e861851\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u768437\u90e8\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5730\u56fe\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b8c\u5168\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8d6b\u5c14\u66fc\u00b7\u6885\u5c14\u7ef4\u5c14\u7684\u300a\u767d\u9cb8\u300b\uff08<em>Moby Dick<\/em>\uff09\u548c\u7eb3\u6492\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u970d\u6851\u7684\u300a\u4e03\u89d2\u697c\u300b\uff08<em>House of the Seven Gables<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662fT.S.\u963f\u745f\uff08T.S. Arthur\uff09\u548c\u897f\u5c14\u74e6\u52aa\u65af\u00b7\u79d1\u5e03\uff08Sylvanus Cobb\uff09\u4e4b\u7c7b\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u4e0d\u77e5\u540d\u5c0f\u8bf4\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u5176\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u82b1\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53bb\u8bfb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u6765\u81ea\u201c\u8d56\u7279\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\u96c6\u201d\uff08Wright American Fiction Collection\uff09[12]\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u5f53\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u603b\u6570\u7684\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002[13]\u8d56\u7279\u5c0f\u8bf4\u96c6\u57fa\u4e8e\u83b1\u5c14\u00b7\u8d56\u7279\uff08Lyle Wright\uff09\u7684\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c1851\u20141875\u300b[14]\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u8bd5\u56fe\u786e\u5b9a\u548c\u5217\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u6240\u6709\u957f\u7bc7\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5c0f\u8bf4\u3002\u5730\u540d\u63d0\u53d6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u662fGeodict\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u5bfb\u627e\u4e0e\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u540d\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002[15]\u5bf9\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6e05\u7406\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u540d\u548c\u666e\u901a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u540d\u3002\u6211\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fdd\u5b88\uff0c\u628a\u6240\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6b64\u7c7b\u5730\u540d\u90fd\u5254\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u5730\u533a\u540d\u79f0\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u4ecb\u8bcd\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5f20\u5730\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u70b9\u7279\u522b\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u51fa\u73b0\u5f97\u6bd4\u4eba\u4eec\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u8981\u591a\u3002\u8bda\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u70b9\u8bb8\u591a\u662f\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u897f\u6b27\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed3\u679c\u4f9d\u7136\u4ee4\u4eba\u5403\u60ca\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7ffb\u7248\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c0f\u8bf4\u8fd8\u591a\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5357\u7f8e\u6d32\u3001\u975e\u6d32\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u3001\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u4e2d\u4e1c\u7b49\u5730\u7684\u5730\u540d\u300219\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u5448\u73b0\u4e3a\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u5916\u5411\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5c1a\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7279\u5f81\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c42\u9762\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5185\u7701\u6027\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u5f52\u5c5e\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5357\u65b9\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u7fa4\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u8bba\u7684\u4e66\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u5357\u5317\u6218\u4e89\u5341\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u5357\u65b9\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u5173\u4e8e\u6d6a\u6f2b\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\uff08American Renaissance\uff09\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u79f0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d9\u4e8b\u57281850\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u7262\u7262\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u65b0\u82f1\u683c\u5170\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5730\u57df\u7279\u5f81\u5206\u5316\u6bd4\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u6240\u5ba3\u79f0\u7684\u8981\u65e9\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u8d56\u7279\u5c0f\u8bf4\u96c6\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5e74\u4efd\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u8bf7\u770b\u4e0b\u9875\u56fe2\u548c\u56fe3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u5e45\u5206\u522b\u662f1852\u5e74\u548c1874\u5e74\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u6bd41851\u5e74\u7a0d\u663e\u5608\u6742\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5ba1\u7f16\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u5730\u70b9\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u89c1\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002[16]\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u5357\u5317\u6218\u4e89\u524d\u540e\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\u975e\u5e38\u7a81\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1.1874\u5e74\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u70b9\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u9ad8\u4e8e1852\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e2d\u5357\u90e8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u7fa4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u70b9\u7fa4\u57281852\u5e74\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u4e2d\u4f9d\u7a00\u53ef\u8fa8\uff0c\u800c\u57281874\u5e74\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u4e2d\u5219\u66f4\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"747\" height=\"652\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_2-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25134\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_2-2.jpg 747w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_2-2-300x262.jpg 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_2-2-14x12.jpg 14w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 747px) 100vw, 747px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u56fe2 1852\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u768445\u90e8\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5730\u70b9\uff08\u5c40\u90e8\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"708\" height=\"615\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_3-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25135\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_3-2.jpg 708w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_3-2-300x261.jpg 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tu_3-2-14x12.jpg 14w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 708px) 100vw, 708px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u56fe3 1874\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u768438\u90e8\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5730\u70b9\uff08\u5c40\u90e8\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u5316\u90fd\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4fee\u6b63\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u57df\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u897f\u90e8\u548c\u4e2d\u5357\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u8fdb\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5927\u5927\u65e9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u897f\u8fdb\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u70b9\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u5c31\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u5f97\u51fa\u6709\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u4e3a\u6709\u517319\u4e16\u7eaa\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\u53d1\u5c55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u65b0\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e09\u5f20\u5730\u56fe\u5728\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u3002\u5357\u5317\u6218\u4e89\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\uff081851\u20141853\u5e74\u548c1873\u20141875\u5e74\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u5404\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u672c\uff09\u5927\u7ea6\u76f8\u9694\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u524d\u5341\u5e74\u548c\u540e\u5341\u5e74\u5199\u6210\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u6587\u5b66\u5bf9\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u5728\u8d56\u7279\u5c0f\u8bf4\u96c6\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u663e\u8457\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u5728\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u5357\u5317\u6218\u4e89\u524d\u540e\u6587\u5b66\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u201c\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u6587\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u79f0\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u6216\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5dee\u5f02\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5c31\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u65f6\u4ee3\u5dee\u5f02\uff08\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u522b\uff09\u770b\u5f97\u6bd4\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u6d3e\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u522b\u7b49\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u4e0a\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u5374\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6574\u4f53\u6587\u5b66\u521b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u5bf9\u6587\u5b66\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5426\u5b9a\u50cf\u5468\u671f\u5316\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u5927\u578b\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u8fd9\u79cd\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u5904\u4e8e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u8303\u7574\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u5177\u6709\u4e25\u8083\u7684\u6db5\u4e49\u3002\u5f53\u95ee\u9898\u5f00\u59cb\u6d89\u53ca\u6210\u767e\u4e0a\u5343\u672c\u4e66\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u5dee\u5f02\u65f6\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e0a\u9762\u5730\u56fe\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b9e\u4f8b\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u4e2d\u90fd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5fae\u5c0f\u7279\u5f81\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u80fd\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5c06\u662f\uff1a\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6027\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u8bf4\uff0c\u6587\u5b66\u53f2\u6700\u597d\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\uff0c\uff08\u6700\u591a\u662f\uff09\u6e10\u8fdb\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u6b65\u9aa4\u6784\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u7684\u94fe\u6761\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u6587\u5b66\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5c0f\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u53d8\u5316\u5177\u6709\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\uff08\u6216\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\uff09\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u52bf\u5747\u529b\u654c\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u9009\u4e3e\u548c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e00\u8fb9\u5012\u7684\u6295\u7968\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u53ea\u670910%\u621620%\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u201c\u8f6c\u578b\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u201c\u8f6c\u578b\u201d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u53ea\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u6269\u5c55\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ed8\u51fa\u591a\u5c11\u989d\u5916\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u52b3\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u65f6\u4ee3\u6765\u68c0\u9a8c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u8fd9\u9760\u624b\u5de5\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b83\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u8fc4\u4eca\u6240\u89c1\u5b8c\u5168\u543b\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6750\u6599\u53ef\u4f9b\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u5206\u6790\u662f\u4ef6\u597d\u4e8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u901f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5bfb\u627e\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6295\u5165\u6570\u6708\u6216\u6570\u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec6\u8bfb\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u7ec6\u8bfb\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u6587\u672c\u6316\u6398\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5c06\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6295\u5165\u5230\u90a3\u4e9b\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u6709\u7406\u7531\u76f8\u4fe1\u80fd\u4ece\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4e0d\u4e60\u60ef\u7528\u5feb\u901f\u5047\u8bbe\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff08scalability\uff09\u5f3a\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#552282\"><strong>\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u6587\u5316\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6700\u521d\u51e0\u6b65\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u518d\u5355\u5355\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7ec6\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d7\u8fd9\u79cd\u9605\u8bfb\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6750\u6599\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u591a\u505a\u8fd9\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u2014\u2014\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u6240\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u663e\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u7a77\u5c3d\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u89c4\u6a21\u5927\u5f97\u65e0\u6cd5\u201c\u76f4\u63a5\u201d\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u3002\u201c\u76f4(\u63a5\u201d\u88ab\u6253\u4e0a\u4e86\u5413\u4eba\u7684\u5f15\u53f7\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7ec6\u8bfb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u8bef\u5bfc\u6027\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u628a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u601d\u8fa8\u80fd\u529b\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6781\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u66f4\u574f\u7684\u7ec6\u8bfb\u8bfb\u8005\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6295\u5165\u67d0\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8d8a\u5c11\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u53d1\u5c55\u5c31\u8d8a\u5dee\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u7a76\u7adf\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u591a\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u591a\u5728\u4e4e\u5b83\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u7406\u6027\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u7ec6\u8bfb\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u2014\u7ecf\u9a8c\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u6211\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u662f\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u5f88\u597d\u3002\u7528\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u6362\u53d6\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u503c\u5f97\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff09\u6587\u672c\u6316\u6398\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u51e0\u4e4e\u80af\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u4ea7\u751f\u79ef\u6781\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6211\u613f\u610f\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u8981\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u624d\u80fd\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u8df5\u8fd8\u76f8\u5f53\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5f88\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u4f46\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u6587\u5316\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u76ee\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7ec6\u8bfb\u7684\u8870\u843d\u624d\u662f\u6d88\u6781\u7684\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4ece\u4e8b\u67d0\u79cd\u6570\u5b57\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u70b9\u662f\u8fa9\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u770b\u5230\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u81ea\u8eab\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5185\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u6700\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u8bb8\u591a\u90fd\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u7ecf\u5178\u6587\u672c\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u548c\u6587\u5316\u827a\u672f\u54c1\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u6765\u81ea\u4f20\u7edf\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u66f4\u6709\u529b\u3001\u66f4\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff08\u76f8\u5f53\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff09\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u63d0\u5a1c\u00b7\u7f57\u585e\u8482\u548c\u74e6\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u60e0\u7279\u66fc\u3001\u65af\u6258\u592b\u4eba\u548c\u827e\u7c73\u4e3d\u00b7\u8fea\u91d1\u68ee\u3001\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a\u548c\u57c3\u5fb7\u8499\u00b7\u65af\u5bbe\u8d5b\u7b49\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5c55\u793a\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u80fd\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6269\u5c55\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f7f\u6570\u5b57\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u5b66\u754c\u540c\u4ec1\u7684\u8d28\u7591\u4e2d\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u6743\u529b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7a00\u7f3a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u540c\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6539\u8fdb\u4e86\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e94\u5ffd\u89c6\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5373\u5efa\u7acb\u5982\u6b64\u5e9e\u5927\u800c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a00\u7f3a\u8d44\u6e90\u6295\u5165\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u4f5c\u8005\u548c\u6587\u672c\u4e0a\u3002\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u5438\u5f15\u5230\u6279\u8bc4\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e5f\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u5176\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u79cd\u7834\u574f\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f3a\u5316\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u91cf\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u524d\u8ff0\u5730\u56fe\u6240\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u8d56\u7279\u5c0f\u8bf4\u96c6\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u9002\u5408\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\uff08\u6216\u5c06\u5305\u62ec\uff091851\u5e74\u81f31875\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u53ef\u673a\u8bfb\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8c37\u6b4c\u56fe\u4e66\u548cHathi Trust\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u505a\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u73b0\u5b58\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u5b9e\u73b0\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u578b\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u6240\u6301\u6709\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e66\u7c4d\uff08\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5426\u5728\u7248\u6743\u4fdd\u62a4\u671f\u5185\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u4e0d\u4fbf\u5b9c\u3002\u4f46\u6309\u518c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53c8\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u60e0\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u51c6\u5907\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u4f8b\u5982\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u4eba\u5de5\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8c37\u6b4c\u548cHathi\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u7684\u5236\u4f5c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u90e8\u95e8\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6210\u672c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u3002\u4e0e\u90a3\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u6863\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5ba1\u7f16\u7684\u6587\u672c\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6587\u672c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u8d2b\u7620\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5206\u6790\u76ee\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5355\u9700\u8981\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u6587\u672c\u9610\u91ca\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u88f8\u201d\uff08bare\uff09\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6240\u8d39\u751a\u591a\u3002\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u91d1\u94b1\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5fc5\u5f97\u6709\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\uff08\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\uff09\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ece\u5b66\u79d1\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5168\u65b0\u8d44\u6e90\u6c60\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6269\u5927\u5b66\u79d1\u6765\u505a\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u8981\u505a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u613f\u610f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u6216\u7c7b\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u51fa\u727a\u7272\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u613f\u610f\u5728\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u8d62\u5f97\u58f0\u8a89\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6ce2\u6570\u5b57\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u505a\u51fa\u727a\u7272\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4f24\u5bb3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u5305\u5bb9\u7684\u3001\u6700\u7ec8\u66f4\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u771f\u6b63\u7ed9\u4e88\u6211\u4eec\u673a\u4f1a\u6765\u6253\u7834\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u3001\u4efb\u610f\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u601d\u8003\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6587\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5bb9\u9519\u8fc7\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u94b1\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u548c\u6bd4\u55bb\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\uff09\u653e\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e24\u4ee3\u5b66\u8005\u5728\u8015\u8018\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5178\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u62b1\u6028\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e86\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b83\u4eec\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u613f\u610f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u613f\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6743\u8861\u53d6\u820d\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\uff08\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u59dc\u6587\u6d9b\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\uff1aMatthew Wilkens,\u201cCanons, Close Reading, and the Evolution of Method,\u201d ed. Matthew K. Gold, <em>Debates in Digital Humanities<\/em>, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2012, pp. 249-258\u3002\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53ca\u51fa\u7248\u5df2\u83b7\u5f97\u4f5c\u8005\u5141\u8bb8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#552282\"><strong>\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[1]\u630719\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\u9ea6\u4fee\u00b7\u963f\u8bfa\u5fb7\u548c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u963f\u5170\u00b7\u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[2]Toni Morrison\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f53\u4ee3\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[3]John Dryden\uff0c17\u4e16\u7eaa\u82f1\u56fd\u6587\u4eba\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[4]\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u7ecf\u5178\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u8fc7\u4e00\u7ec4\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u67d0\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u66fe\u7ecf\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u662f\u6307\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u91cc\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u8bfb\u8fc7\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u7684\u3002\u6211\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u731c\u6d4b\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6700\u4f4e\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u767e\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u9ad8\u5219\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u591a\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u9886\u57df\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u6709\u51e0\u5341\u4e2a\u5b50\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u627f\u8ba4\u4e0e\u5426\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u662f\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[5]Greco Albert, Clara Rodrguez, Robert Wharton, <em>The Culture and Commerce of Publishing in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century<\/em>, Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[6]Franco Moretti, <em>Graphs, Maps, Trees: Abstract Models for a Literary History<\/em>, New York: Verso, 2005, p. 7.\u6587\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[7]Lyle H. Wright, <em>American Fiction, 1851-1875: A Contribution Toward a Bibliography<\/em>, Rev. ed. San Marino,Calif.: Huntington Library Press, 1965.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[8]Albert Greco, Clara Rodrguez, Robert Wharton, <em>The Culture and Commerce of Publishing<\/em>, 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[9]R. R. Bowker,\u201cNew Book Titles &amp; Editions, 2002-2009,\u201d April 14, 2010, http:\/\/www.bowker.com\/index.php\/book-industry-statistics; R. R. Bowker,\u201cU.S. Book Production, 1993-2004,\u201d April 14, 2010, http:\/\/www.bowker.com\/ bookwire\/decadebookproduction.html.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[10]Jonathan Hope, Michael Witmore,\u201cThe Hundredth Psalm to the Tune of &#8216;Green Sleeves&#8217;: Digital Approaches to Shakespeare&#8217;s Language of Genre,\u201d <em>Shakespeare Quarterly<\/em>, vol. 61, no. 3, 2010, pp. 357-390.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[11]David K. Elson, Nicholas Dames, Kathleen R. McKeown,\u201c Extracting Social Networks From Literary Fiction,\u201d in Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Uppsala, Sweden, 2010, pp.138-147.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[12]Wright American Fiction Project, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.letrs.indiana.edu\/web\/w\/wright2\">http:\/\/www.letrs.indiana.edu\/web\/w\/wright2<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[13]\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u5143\u6570\u636e\u8d28\u91cf\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53ef\u673a\u8bfb\u6587\u672c\uff08MONK\u9879\u76ee\uff0c<a href=\"http:\/\/monkproject.org\">http:\/\/monkproject.org<\/a>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[14]Lyle Wright, <em>American Fiction, 1851-1875: A Contribution Toward a Bibliography<\/em>, Rev. ed. San Marino, Calif.:Huntington Library Press, 1965.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[15]Peter Warden, Geodict, <a href=\"http:\/\/datasciencetoolkit.org\">http:\/\/datasciencetoolkit.org<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[16]1853\u5e74\u30011873\u5e74\u548c1875\u5e74\u4e5f\u6709\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e74\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u90fd\u57fa\u672c\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u4ecb\u4e8e\u5176\u95f4\u76841854\u5e74\u81f31872\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u56fe\u4e66\u592a\u5c11\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u7fa4\u5df2\u77e5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc6\u522b\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u9a6c\u4fee\u00b7\u5a01\u5c14\u91d1\u65af \/ \u7f8e\u56fd\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662 \u9648\u5927\u9f99\uff08\u8bd1\uff09 \/ \u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u56fd\u9645\u8054\u5408\u5b66\u9662 \u6211\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff1a\u7ecf\u5178\u662f [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":25136,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[4931],"tags":[29],"class_list":["post-25132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-4931","tag-29"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":6}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25132"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25132\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25139,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25132\/revisions\/25139"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25136"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}