{"id":3400,"date":"2021-04-13T23:20:40","date_gmt":"2021-04-13T15:20:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/?p=3400"},"modified":"2024-04-04T01:34:24","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T17:34:24","slug":"%e5%90%ab%e7%8f%a0%e4%b8%8e%e8%90%a4%e5%85%89%ef%bc%9a%e5%8f%a4%e4%bb%a3%e4%b9%a6%e4%bf%a1%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e7%9a%84%e8%a1%8d%e5%8c%96%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/site\/works\/dhjournal\/202001\/3400.html","title":{"rendered":"\u542b\u73e0\u4e0e\u8424\u5149\uff1a\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e66\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u884d\u5316\u7814\u7a76"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1b\u674e\u60e0 \u4faf\u541b\u660e \u9648\u6d9b \u6731\u5e86\u534e \u5218\u709c\uff1b\u8f6c\u81ea\uff1a\u516c\u4f17\u53f7 DH\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#60569a\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/1\u671f-1024x343.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2700\" width=\"603\" height=\"202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/1\u671f-1024x343.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/1\u671f-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/1\u671f-768x257.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/1\u671f.png 1063w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 603px) 100vw, 603px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u674e \u60e0 \/ \u4e0a\u6d77\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff08\u4e0a\u6d77\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u60c5\u62a5\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u9662\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u4faf \u541b \u660e\u00a0\/ \u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c40\u53e4\u8054\u6570\u5b57\u4f20\u5a92\u79d1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u9648 \u6d9b\u00a0\/ \u4e0a\u6d77\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff08\u4e0a\u6d77\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u60c5\u62a5\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6731 \u5e86 \u534e\u00a0\/ \u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u9662<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u5218 \u709c\u00a0\/ \u4e0a\u6d77\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff08\u4e0a\u6d77\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u60c5\u62a5\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6458&nbsp; &nbsp;\u8981\uff1a<\/span><\/strong>\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\u540d\u4eba\u4e66\u4fe1\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\u6863\u6848\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u540d\u4eba\u4e00\u751f\u4fee\u8eab\u3001\u4ea4\u53cb\u3001\u6cbb\u5b66\u3001\u65bd\u653f\u7b49\u8bf8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8574\u542b\u7740\u771f\u77e5\u707c\u89c1\uff0c\u662f\u540d\u4eba\u751f\u5e73\u7684\u751f\u52a8\u53cd\u6620\u548c\u518d\u73b0\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u540d\u4eba\u4e66\u4fe1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u540e\u4eba\u66f4\u52a0\u4e86\u89e3\u540d\u4eba\u7684\u6210\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b66\u8005\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5256\u6790\u7279\u5b9a\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u5ef6\u5c55\u5df2\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e66\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76f8\u5173\u7f51\u7edc\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u540d\u4eba\u4e66\u4fe1\u96c6\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u4ee5\u53f2\u6599\u4f50\u8bc1\u3002\u65e8\u5728\u900f\u89c6\u4e66\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5256\u6790\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u8574\u542b\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u4fe1\u8054\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e3a\u53e4\u6587\u6587\u672c\u6316\u6398\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8def\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a<\/span><\/strong>\u540d\u4eba\u4e66\u4fe1 \u4e66\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc \u4fe1\u8054\u6d3b\u8dc3\u5ea6 \u8282\u70b9\u5237\u65b0\u7387<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u4e00<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u5f15&nbsp; \u8a00<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Social 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class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_1-552x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3401\" width=\"305\" height=\"566\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_1-552x1024.png 552w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_1-162x300.png 162w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_1-768x1426.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_1.png 808w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 305px) 100vw, 305px\" 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<sup>[5]<\/sup>\u7b49\uff09\u6765\u5448\u73b0\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e66\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\uff0c \u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u4e66\u4fe1\u7684\u65f6\u6548\u6027\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u5206\u6790\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u91c7\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u6280\u672f\uff0c 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Networks\uff09\u6216\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Dynamic Networks\uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u8005\u4e3b\u9898\u4e0b\u7684\u6ce2\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u75be\u75c5\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u75c5\u6bd2\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7b49\u3002<sup>[6]<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u5143\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\uff08Interactions\uff09\u3001\u4e92\u52a8\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e92\u52a8\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e92\u52a8\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8db3\u591f\u77ed\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4e3a\u5373\u65f6\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u5982\u7535\u90ae\u3001\u5fae\u4fe1\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u6210\u4e00\u7ec4\u8054\u7cfb\uff08Contacts\uff09\uff1b\u800c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u7531\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u4e92\u52a8\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u5982\u901a\u8bdd\u7b49\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u6210\u4e00\u5e8f\u5217\u5feb\u7167\uff08Snapshots\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5f20\u5feb\u7167\u90fd\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\uff08Time Window\uff09\u5185\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u533a\u95f4\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fd\u5185\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u8005\u91c7\u7528\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6316\u6398\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u548c\u501f\u9274\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u9488\u5bf9\u4e66\u4fe1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u662f\u5be5\u5be5\u65e0\u51e0\u3002\u4e25\u627f\u5e0c\u7b49<sup>[7]<\/sup>\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b26\u53f7\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8b\u4ee3\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u5b8b\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6f14\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u662f\u4ee5\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5e74\u4efd\u503c\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7279\u5b9a\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u53e6\u6709\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u5f20\u65cb\u7b49<sup>[8]<\/sup>\u4ee5\u7ae0\u56de\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5185\u5bb9\u9012\u8fdb\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u4e3a\u9690\u542b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6b21\u5e8f\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e3b\u89d2\u4eba\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u65e8\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7231\u60c5\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u7740\u91cd\u5206\u6790\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fd\u5916\u4e3a\u6570\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u673a\u6784\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u4e66\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u9879\u76ee\uff0c \u6211\u4eec\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u53ca\u8f83\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u540d\u4eba\u4e66\u4fe1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5982\u8377\u5170\u591a\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684Circulation of Knowledge and Learned Practices in the 17th Century Dutch Republic\uff08CKCC\uff09<sup>[9]<\/sup>\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7684Darwin Correspondence Project<sup>[10]<\/sup>\u5229\u7528\u4e92\u52a8\u5f0f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\u5386\u65f6\u5730\u63a2\u7d22\u540d\u4eba\u4e66\u4fe1\uff1b\u7f8e\u56fd\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u7684Mapping the Republic of Letterse<sup>[11]<\/sup>\u5c06\u5bc4\u4fe1\u4eba\u2014\u6536\u4fe1\u4eba\u7f51\u7edc\u5d4c\u5165\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u7406\u5730\u56fe\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\u7684\u5806\u53e0\u56fe\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06\u65f6\u7a7a\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u4eba\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u6574\u5408\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u51fa\u9488\u5bf9\u4e66\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_2-532x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3402\" width=\"334\" height=\"643\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_2-532x1024.png 532w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_2-156x300.png 156w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_2-768x1479.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_2-798x1536.png 798w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_2.png 935w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 334px) 100vw, 334px\" 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class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u4e09\u3001\u4e66\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u5c01\u4e66\u4fe1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u516d\u5143\u7ec4\u96c6\u5408<em>l<\/em>=<em>(S\uff0cR\uff0ct\uff0cl<sub>s<\/sub>\uff0cl<sub>r<\/sub>\uff0cc)\u3002S&nbsp;<\/em>\u8868\u793a\u5bc4\u4fe1\u4eba\u96c6\u5408\u3002<em>R<\/em>\u8868\u793a\u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u96c6\u5408\u3002<em>t<\/em>\u2208<em>T<\/em>\u6307\u4ee3\u5199\u4fe1\u65e5\u671f\u3002<em>l<sub>s<\/sub><\/em>\u2208<em>L<\/em>\u548c<em>l<sub>r<\/sub><\/em>\u2208<em>L<\/em>\u5206\u522b\u6307\u4ee3\u5bc4\u4fe1\u548c\u6536\u4fe1\u5730\u70b9\u3002<em>c<\/em>\u2208<em>C<\/em>\u6307\u4ee3\u5bf9\u5e94\u4fe1\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e66\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u91cd\u8fb9\u7684\u8d85\u56fe<em>H<\/em>=(<em>V,E<\/em>)\uff0c<sup>[12]<\/sup>\u8282\u70b9\u96c6\u5408<em>V<\/em>\u4ee3\u8868\u6536\u53d1\u4fe1\u4eba\uff0c\u8fb9\u96c6\u5408<em>E<\/em>\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u5f80\u6765\u3002\u6bcf\u6761\u8fb9<em>e<\/em>=\uff1c<em>H<sub>e<\/sub><\/em>\uff0c<em>T<sub>e<\/sub><\/em>\uff0c<em>i<\/em>\uff1e 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loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3403\" width=\"511\" height=\"476\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_3.png 1000w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_3-300x280.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_3-768x716.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 511px) 100vw, 511px\" 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d<sub>n<\/sub>\uff0c\u4e14|t<sub>n<\/sub>&#8211; t<sub>m<\/sub>&nbsp;| \u2264 \u03c6\u3002\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u8282\u70b9<em>i<\/em>\u548c<em>j<\/em>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4fe1\u8054\u96c6\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u6210\u03c3(<em>i<\/em>,<em>j<\/em>):={[t<sub>1<\/sub>,t<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp;],[t<sub>2<\/sub>,t<sub>3<\/sub>],\u2026,[t<sub>(k-1)<\/sub>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ,t<sub>k<\/sub>&nbsp;]}\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Tukey<sup>[13]<\/sup>\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4f4d\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8fc7\u6ee4\u65f6\u95f4\u8de8\u5ea6\u8fc7\u957f\u7684\u4fe1\u8054\u533a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9i\u548cj\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684k\u4e2a\u4fe1\u8054\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u4fe1\u8054\u6d3b\u8dc3\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u516c\u5f0f1-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3404\" width=\"204\" height=\"48\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4fe1\u8054\u6d3b\u8dc3\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u8d8a\u9891\u7e41\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u8d8a\u7a00\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5237\u65b0\u7387\u3002<\/strong>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e66\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u5f20\u533a\u95f4\u5b50\u56fe<em>g<sub>i<\/sub><\/em>&nbsp;\u548c<em>g<sub>j<\/sub><\/em>\uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5237\u65b0\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5b50\u56fe<em>g<sub>i<\/sub><\/em>&nbsp;\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u672a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5b50\u56fe<em>g<sub>j<\/sub><\/em>\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u3002\u2502<em>v<sub>gi<\/sub><\/em>\u2502\u6307\u4ee3\u5b50\u56fe<em>g<sub>i<\/sub><\/em>\u91cc\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\uff0c\u2502<em>v<sub>gi<\/sub><\/em>\u2502\u6307\u4ee3\u5b50\u56fe<em>g<sub>i<\/sub><\/em>\u91cc\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u3002\u2502<em>v<sub>gi<\/sub><\/em>&nbsp;\u2229&nbsp;<em>v<sub>gj<\/sub><\/em>\u2502\u6307\u4ee3\u4e86\u4e24\u5f20\u5b50\u56fe\u91cc\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u516c\u5f0f2-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3405\" width=\"183\" height=\"55\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u516c\u5f0f2-3.jpg 380w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u516c\u5f0f2-3-300x91.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 183px) 100vw, 183px\" 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class=\"has-inline-color\">\u56db\u3001\u4e66\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u6790<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u5f97\u6e20\u9053\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u6240\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u662f\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e66\u4fe1\u96c6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u53d6\u7684\u300a\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u5168\u96c6\u300b<sup>[14]<\/sup>\u4e2d\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e66\u4fe1\u96c6\uff08\u5bb6\u4e66\u9664\u5916\uff09\uff081841\u2014 1872\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u300a\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u5168\u96c6\u300b\u517131 \u518c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e66\u4fe1\u5c31\u670912 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https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_4-768x1364.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_4-865x1536.png 865w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u56fe\u7247_4.png 918w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 373px) 100vw, 373px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8bed\u6599\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u591a\u4e3a\u5e74\u53f7\u52a0\u6708\u52a0\u65e5\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u201c\u9053\u5149\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u6b63\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u65e5\u201d\uff0c\u975e\u73b0\u4eca\u901a\u7528\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e8e\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u53f0\u6e7e\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u201d\u6570\u4f4d\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u5fc3\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u8f6c\u6362\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u4fe1\u65f6\u95f4\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u73b0\u4eca\u6807\u51c6\u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u5e74\u6708\u65e5\uff09\u3002\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u5199\u4fe1\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u786e\u5230\u5e74\u7684\uff0c\u51718,347 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class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\">\u88681&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8ba1\u91cf\u7ed3\u679c\u6392\u540d\u524d 10 \u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4eba<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u88681-3-1024x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3407\" width=\"544\" height=\"106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u88681-3-1024x200.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u88681-3-300x59.jpg 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u88681-3-768x150.jpg 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u88681-3.jpg 1051w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 544px) 100vw, 544px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9ad8\u5cf0\u548c\u4f4e\u8c37\u3002<\/strong>\u4ece\u56fe1\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u5e45\u5b50\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u968f\u7740\u5e74\u5c81\u7684\u589e\u957f\u548c\u4ed5\u9014\u7684\u987a\u7545\uff0c\u201c\u5341\u5e74\u4e03\u8fc1\uff0c\u904d\u517c\u4e94\u90e8\u201d\uff0c<sup>[18]<\/sup>\u5448\u73b0\u4e00\u8def\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u7528\u4e66\u4fe1\u6765\u523b\u753b\u4e5f\u662f\u8d77\u8d77\u4f0f\u4f0f\u3001\u52a8\u8361\u4e0d\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u59821853\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u6b63\u5728\u4e3a\u51fa\u5f81\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u56fd\u505a\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u6e58\u519b\u7ec4\u5efa\u3001\u5e7f\u4e1c\u4e70\u70ae\u3001\u6c34\u5e08\u7b79\u5efa\u7b49\uff0c <sup>[19]<\/sup>\u9700\u8981\u8bf8\u5982\u5e08\u95e8\u3001\u5144\u957f\u3001\u597d\u53cb\u7b49\u8bf8\u591a\u4eba\u8109\u3002\u7f51\u7f57\u5404\u65b9\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u662f\u5f53\u52a1\u4e4b\u6025\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4eba\u6570\u548c\u901a\u4fe1\u91cf\u7684\u7a81\u7136\u66b4\u6da8\uff0c\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u4f461855\u5e74\u52301857\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u6218\u4e8b\u521a\u8d77\uff0c\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u5ea7\u8239\u88ab\u4fd8\uff0c\u6587\u5377\u518c\u724d\u4ff1\u5931\uff0c<sup>[20]<\/sup>\u7236\u4eb2\u53c8\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u56fd\u4e8b\u5bb6\u4e8b\u7684\u6253\u51fb\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a8\u6d4b\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4eba\u6570\u548c\u901a\u4fe1\u91cf\u7531\u6b64\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u4e2d\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4f4e\u8c37\u62d0\u70b9\u3002\u5230\u4e861864\u52301866\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u6e58\u519b\u653b\u9677\u5357\u4eac\uff0c\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u56fd\u5ba3\u544a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u53d7\u5230\u671d\u5ef7\u5609\u5956\uff0c\u4e3b\u4fee\u6c5f\u5357\u8d21\u9662\uff0c\u5efa\u6c5f\u5357\u5236\u9020\u603b\u5c40\uff0c\u88c1\u64a4\u6e58\u519b\uff0c\u4efb\u4e24\u6c5f\u603b\u7763\u3002<sup>[21]<\/sup>\u6218\u4e8b\u521a\u5e73\uff0c\u4e07\u4e1a\u7686\u5f85\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\u7e41\u591a\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u4eba\u6570\u548c\u901a\u4fe1\u91cf\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u9ad8\u5cf0\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u548c\u53f2\u5b9e\u76f8\u4e92\u5370\u8bc1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u56fe1-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3408\" width=\"644\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u56fe1-12.png 945w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u56fe1-12-300x117.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u56fe1-12-768x299.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe1&nbsp; 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https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u56fe2-13-300x152.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u56fe2-13-768x388.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 621px) 100vw, 621px\" \/><figcaption>\u56fe2&nbsp; 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class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u4e94<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u7ed3&nbsp; 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style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#003abc\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Changing yet Stable: An Experimental Study of Temporal Patterns in Ego-centric Correspondence Network<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Li Hui, Hou Junming, Chen Tao, Zhu Qinghua, Liu Wei<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Digitized Historic Correspondences, in the form of letters, contain extensive information of historic \ufb01gures such as their self-cultivations, friendships, academic research and political views. These letters contribute to the reconstruction of relationships and exchanges of information in the historic times. By studying historic correspondences, they can analyze the recorded historic events more precisely and understand more about the life of historic \ufb01gures. Motivated by the valuable insights into history, in this paper, they extend the historic correspondence network model with temporal dimension. Furthermore, they introduce dynamic measurements to explore the individual contact pattern embedded in the network. They use a letter collection to conduct experiments and correlate the results with historic events. The experimental results illustrate the e\ufb00ectiveness and applicability of our model in the area of knowledge discovery in historic texts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Historic Correspondence; Correspondence Network; Inter-contact Interaction Rate; Node Refreshing Rate<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u672c\u6587\u4e3a\u4e0a\u6d77\u5e02\u8d85\u7ea7\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u6fc0\u52b1\u8ba1\u5212\u201c\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u4e2d\u540d\u4eba\u6863\u6848\u77e5\u8bc6\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u591a\u7ef4\u5206\u6790\u201d\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u57fa\u91d1\u9879\u76ee\u201c\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u4e2d\u56fe\u50cf\u6587\u672c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u5316\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u5f00\u653e\u56fe\u8c31\u6784\u5efa\u7814\u7a76\u201d\uff0819BTQ024\uff09\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[1]\u53c2\u89c1\u5f20\u5f15\uff1a\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6316\u6398\u7efc\u8ff0\u300b\uff0chttps:\/\/wenku.baidu.com\/view\/9df8f1f5bd64783e08122b32.html\uff0c2019 \u5e749 \u67081 \u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[2]\u8d75\u4eac\u80dc\u3001\u5f20\u4e3d\u3001\u6731\u5de7\u660e\u3001\u5468\u56fd\u680b\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u6587\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\u62bd\u53d6\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u62a5\u300b2017 \u5e74\u7b2c2 \u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[3]\u674e\u60e0\u3001\u4faf\u541b\u660e\uff1a\u300a\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e66\u4fe1\u4f53\u6587\u732e\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5357\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\u300b2018 \u5e74\u7b2c3 \u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[4]Gephi. https:\/\/gephi.org\/, 2019 \u5e749 \u67081 \u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[5]Cytoscape. https:\/\/cytoscape.org\/, 2019 \u5e749 \u67081 \u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[6]Hui Li,&nbsp;<em>Social Network Extraction and Exploration of Historic Correspondences<\/em>, PhD Dissertation, Heidelberg University, 2018, p.28.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[7]\u4e25\u627f\u5e0c\u3001\u738b\u519b\uff1a\u300a\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587\u89c6\u89d2\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b26\u53f7\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u7684\u5b8b\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u5b66\u62a5\u300b2018 \u5e74\u7b2c5 \u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[8]\u5f20\u65cb\u3001\u6881\u5faa\u3001\u674e\u5fd7\u5b87\u3001\u5f20\u6811\u68ee\u3001\u8d75\u6653\u78ca\uff1a\u300a\u91d1\u5eb8\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u4e3b\u89d2\u590d\u6742\u7231\u60c5\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u62a5\u300b2019 \u5e74\u7b2c4 \u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[9]Descartes Centre for the History and Philosophy of the Sciences and the Humanities at the University of Utrecht and the Huygens ING: Circulation of Knowledge and Learned Practices in the 17th-century Dutch Republic. http:\/\/ ckcc.huygens.knaw.nl\/, 2019 \u5e749 \u67081 \u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[10]University of Cambridge: Darwin Correspondence Project. http:\/\/www.darwinproject.ac.uk\/, 2019 \u5e749 \u67081 \u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[11]Stanford University: Mapping the Republic of Letters. http:\/\/republico\ufb02etters.stanford.edu\/, 2019 \u5e749 \u67081 \u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[12] \u53c2\u89c1\u674e\u60e0\u3001\u4faf\u541b\u660e\uff1a\u300a\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e66\u4fe1\u4f53\u6587\u732e\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5357\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\u300b2018 \u5e74\u7b2c3 \u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[13]J. W. Tukey, Exploratory Data Analysis, Boston: Addison-Wesley, 1977, pp. 1-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[14]\u300a\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u5168\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u957f\u6c99\uff1a\u5cb3\u9e93\u4e66\u793e\uff0c2011 \u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[15]\u300a\u5510\u6d69\u660e\u8bc4\u70b9\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u4e66\u4fe1\u300b\uff0c\u957f\u6c99\uff1a\u5cb3\u9e93\u4e66\u793e\uff0c2011 \u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c1 \u9875\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[16]\u9648\u4e66\u51ef\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u5bb6\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u84dd\u5929\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2006 \u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c1\u201410 \u9875\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[17]M. E. Newman, \u201cScienti\ufb01c Collaboration Networks. II. 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