{"id":7954,"date":"2021-07-13T08:50:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-13T00:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/?p=7954"},"modified":"2024-04-04T01:32:50","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T17:32:50","slug":"%e6%96%b9%e7%a7%80%e6%b4%81%e6%95%99%e6%8e%88%e8%ae%bf%e8%b0%88%e5%bd%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/en\/site\/works\/dhjournal\/202101\/7954.html","title":{"rendered":"\u65b9\u79c0\u6d01\u6559\u6388\u8bbf\u8c08\u5f55"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u65b9\u79c0\u6d01 \u674e\u5ef6\u6b23\uff1b\u8f6c\u81ea\uff1a\u516c\u4f17\u53f7 DH\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#60569a\" class=\"has-inline-color\">DHer\u8bbf\u8c08<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/2021_Nian_1_Qi-1024x343.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7943\" width=\"565\" height=\"189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/2021_Nian_1_Qi-1024x343.png 1024w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/2021_Nian_1_Qi-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/2021_Nian_1_Qi-768x257.png 768w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/2021_Nian_1_Qi.png 1063w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 565px) 100vw, 565px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u65b9\u79c0\u6d01 \u674e\u5ef6\u6b23<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0272a2\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u53d7\u8bbf\u4eba\u7b80\u4ecb:<\/span><\/strong>\u65b9\u79c0\u6d01(Grace S. Fong)\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u9ea6\u5409\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u4e1c\u4e9a\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u3001\u5229\u94ed\u6cfd\u9ec4\u7476\u74a7\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u8bb2\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u3002\u957f\u671f\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8bb2\u6388\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bd7\u6b4c\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c0f\u8bf4\u3001\u5973\u6027\u6587\u5b66\u7b49\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5fd7\u8da3\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u5178\u8bd7\u6b4c\u53ca\u8bd7\u5b66\u3001\u660e\u6e05\u5987\u5973\u8457\u4f5c\u3001\u81ea\u4f20\u4f53\u4e66\u5199\u7b49\u3002\u4e3b\u6301\u54c8\u4f5b\u71d5\u4eac\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u4e0e\u9ea6\u5409\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u660e\u6e05\u5973\u6027\u8457\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9879\u76ee(http:\/\/digital.library.mcgill.ca\/mingqing\/)\u3002\u4ee3\u8868\u8bba\u8457\u6709Herself an Author: Gender, Agency, and Writing in Late Imperial China ( University of Hawaii Press, 2008 )\uff0c\u7f16\u8457\u6709Different Worlds of Discourse: Transformations of Gender and Genre in Late Qing and Early Republican China ( Brill, 2008 )\uff0cThe Inner Quarters and Beyond: Women Writers from Ming through Qing ( Brill, 2010 )\uff0c Representing Lives in China: Forms of Biography in the Ming-Qing Period 1368- 1911 ( Cornell University East Asia Program, 2018 )\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bd1\u4f5c\u8f7d\u5165Jade Mirror: Women Poets of China ( White Pine Press, 2013 ) \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7955\" width=\"366\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1.png 694w, https:\/\/achieve.dhcn.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1-300x236.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 366px) 100vw, 366px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u91c7\u5199:<\/span><\/strong>\u674e\u5ef6\u6b23\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u6587\u7cfb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u8bbf\u8c08\u5730\u70b9:<\/span><\/strong>\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u8377\u58581911\u5496\u5561\u5385<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u8bbf\u8c08\u65f6\u95f4:<\/span><\/strong>2019\u5e7412\u670816\u65e5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u95ee:<\/strong>\u60a8\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8ddf\u968f\u53f6\u5609\u83b9\u5148\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u8bcd\u5b66\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u732e\u4ea7\u751f\u5174\u8da3\u7684?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54:\u6211\u662f\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u8bfb\u5927\u5b66\u65f6\u6162\u6162\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u3002\u6211\u5728\u4e1c\u4e9a\u7cfb\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bbd\u6cdb\u3002\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u6211\u5bf9\u5b97\u6559\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u89c9\u5f97\u7985\u5b97\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ddf\u4f5b\u6559\u3001\u9053\u6559\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u9605\u8bfb\u4e86\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5b\u6559\u3001\u7985\u5b97\u5438\u5f15\u6211\u8d70\u8fdb\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u3002\u63a5\u8fd1\u672c\u79d1\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4fee\u8bfb\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bd7\u6b4c\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5728\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u8bfb\u7855\u58eb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\uff0c\u4e3b\u653b\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bd7\u5b66\u3002\u6211\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u539f\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u5143\u66f2\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u8f6c\u5411\u5386\u53f2\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ecd\u7136\u6559\u6388\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bd7\u5b66\u3002\u53d7\u5230\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5bfc\u5e08\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u8bd7\u5b66\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u5728\u5bfc\u5e08\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u5c06\u4f5b\u5b66\u548c\u8bd7\u5b66\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u5bf9\u738b\u7ef4\u8bd7\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u300b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u51b3\u5fc3\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u5ff5\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u505a\u8ddf\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bd7\u5b66\u6709\u5173\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5bfc\u5e08\u4e86\u89e3\u6211\u7684\u5fd7\u5411\u540e\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6211\u8f6c\u53bb\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u5411\u53f6\u5609\u83b9\u8001\u5e08\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u95ee:<\/strong>\u7855\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u5c31\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u8bfb\u4e86\u535a\u58eb\u5417?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54:\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u6709\u95f4\u9694\u30021976\u5e74\u7855\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8bfb\u535a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7559\u5b66\u4e24\u5e74\uff0c\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\u624d\u53bb\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u9662\u8bfb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u671f\uff0c\u9047\u4e0a\u5510\u5c71\u5927\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u968f\u6821\u5b89\u6392\u8fc1\u5f80\u8fbd\u5b81\u5927\u5b66\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7279\u6b8a\u65f6\u671f\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u65ad\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\u53bb\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4e00\u8fb9\u6559\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u4e86\u89e3\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7985\u5b97\u6587\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u95ee:<\/strong>\u60a8\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u8bd7\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8f6c\u5411\u8bcd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5462?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54:\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b66\u671f\uff0c\u53f6\u5609\u83b9\u8001\u5e08\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u95e8\u5173\u4e8e\u8bcd\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u524d\u5bf9\u8bcd\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u6df1\uff0c\u4f46\u542c\u8001\u5e08\u8bb2\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bfe\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u90d1\u9a9e\u5148\u751f\u7684\u300a\u8bcd\u9009\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4ece\u665a\u5510\u3001\u4e94\u4ee3\u5230\u5b8b\u7684\u9009\u672c\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u8bfb\u5230\u6e29\u5ead\u7b60\u7684\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u88ab\u5b83\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u6253\u52a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5ba1\u7f8e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u89e6\u52a8\uff0c\u88ab\u5438\u5f15\u5230\u8bcd\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u6211\u53c8\u4fee\u5b66\u5b8b\u53f2\u3001\u5b8b\u8bcd\u548c\u8bd7\u53f2\u4e09\u95e8\u8bfe\u3002\u66f4\u5947\u5999\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u53f6\u8001\u5e08\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u5f88\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8c08\u5434\u6587\u82f1\u8bcd\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u89c2\uff0c\u6211\u770b\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u6df1\u53d7\u5438\u5f15\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u5434\u6587\u82f1\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u300a\u5434\u6587\u82f1\u4e0e\u5357\u5b8b\u8bcd\u827a\u672f\u300b\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u4fee\u6539\u800c\u6210\u3002\u5f88\u96be\u7528\u7406\u6027\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u53bb\u8bf4\u6211\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u8d70\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u7684\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u662f\u56e0\u7f18\u9645\u4f1a\u5427\u3002\u6211\u8bfb\u8fc7\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bd7\u3001\u5916\u56fd\u8bd7\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u5982\u8bcd\u80fd\u591f\u7ed9\u6211\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u7f8e\u611f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8bcd\u91cc\u7684\u610f\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u95ee:<\/strong>\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u60a8\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd8\u662f\u8bd7\u8bcd\u827a\u672f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u90a3\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u673a\u7f18\u4f7f\u60a8\u8f6c\u5230\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54:\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ddf\u8bcd\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u679c\u7528\u9634\u9633\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u770b\u8bd7\u8bcd\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u7b3c\u7edf\u5730\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8bd7\u662f\u9633\uff0c\u8bcd\u662f\u9634\u3002\u8bcd\u91cc\u8fb9\u662f\u6709\u6027\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u7528\u610f\u8c61\u6765\u63cf\u7ed8\u5973\u6027\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u7528\u5973\u6027\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3001\u53e3\u543b\u6765\u6292\u53d1\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5973\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd8\u662f\u4ece\u7537\u6027\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u63cf\u7ed8\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u665a\u5510\u4e94\u4ee3\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u6211\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5bf9\u8bcd\u91cc\u7684\u6027\u522b\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u5973\u6027\u3002\u8bd7\u8a00\u5fd7\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u6210\u5206\u3001\u81ea\u4f20\u6027\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u800c\u8bcd\u662f\u6234\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9762\u5177\uff0c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eba\u4ee3\u8a00\u3002\u7537\u6027\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e66\u5199\u5973\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5973\u6027\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u53d1\u58f0\u7684\u5462?\u6211\u7531\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u5973\u6027\u81ea\u6211\u4e66\u5199\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u95ee:<\/strong>\u60a8\u662f\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u8bfb\u4e66\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5b66\u672f\u601d\u8def\u7684\u5ef6\u5c55\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5f53\u65f6\u5317\u7f8e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u73af\u5883?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54:\u6709\u7684\u3002\u6211\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efd\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5728Smith College\u6559\u4e66\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f88\u6709\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u6240\u79c1\u7acb\u5973\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u662f1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5973\u6027\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3001\u5973\u6027\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5f88\u591a\u90fd\u88ab\u5386\u53f2\u9057\u5fd8\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u60f3\u90a3\u7a76\u7adf\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u91cc\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u5728\u6587\u5316\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u91cc\u80fd\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u8868\u8fbe?\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u53bb\u5bfb\u627e\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0d\u6b62\u6211\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5bf9\u5973\u6027\u8457\u4f5c\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5317\u7f8e\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4e5f\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u591a\u534a\u90fd\u662f\u5973\u6027\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u6709\u7537\u6027\u5b66\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u95ee:<\/strong>\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u60a8\u5173\u4e8e\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efd\u5b66\u672f\u6210\u679c\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u8bde\u751f\u7684\u5462?\u80fd\u5206\u4eab\u4e00\u4e0b\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u60c5\u5f62\u5417?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54:1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u6211\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8bcd\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u7537\u6027\u89c6\u89d2\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u5973\u6027\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u4f5c\u662f\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6298\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4ece\u4e8b\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u8d44\u6599\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u641c\u96c6\u8d44\u6599\u633a\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u548c\u4e0a\u6d77\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u85cf\u6709\u95fa\u79c0\u8bd7\u96c6\uff0c\u6211\u6bcf\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u90fd\u56de\u6765\u67e5\u8d44\u6599\u30021985\u5e74\u80e1\u6587\u6977\u7684\u300a\u5386\u4ee3\u5987\u5973\u8457\u4f5c\u8003\u300b\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u800c\u8a00\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u201c\u5723\u7ecf\u201d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u968f\u8eab\u643a\u5e26\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u5b83\u7684\u6307\u5f15\u56de\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u95ee:<\/strong>\u6240\u4ee5\u60a8\u662f\u5728\u641c\u96c6\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u840c\u751f\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5417?\u5efa\u660e\u6e05\u5987\u5973\u8457\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u652f\u6301?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54:\u6211\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6536\u96c6\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u6211\u8fd8\u53bb\u4e86\u54c8\u4f5b\u71d5\u4eac\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u3001\u53f0\u6e7e\u201c\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u201d\u7684\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u3001\u6d59\u6c5f\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u6750\u6599\u5341\u5206\u8d39\u529b\u6c14\u30021990\u5e74\u4ee3database(\u6570\u636e\u5e93)\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u60f3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6599\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u8d77\u6765\u5e76\u4e14\u516c\u5f00\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u90a3\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5f88\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u6b63\u597d\u901a\u8fc7\u9ea6\u5409\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u53cb\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u674e\u5e0c\u614e\u57fa\u91d1\u613f\u610f\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u7740\u624b\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u662f\u5357\u4eac\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u540e\u6765\u56e0\u4e3a\u79cd\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u6ca1\u80fd\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u54c8\u4f5b\u71d5\u4eac\u53e4\u7c4d\u5e93\u6709Robert Hart\u6350\u8d60\u7684\u5584\u672c\u6536\u85cf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec50\u591a\u79cd\u660e\u6e05\u5973\u6027\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u6709\u522b\u96c6\uff0c\u6709\u9009\u96c6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u597d\u51e0\u79cd\u5927\u578b\u7684\u665a\u660e\u603b\u96c6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u540d\u5a9b\u8bd7\u5f52\u300b\u7b49\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u8ddf\u9986\u957f\u90d1\u70af\u6587\u5148\u751f\u5546\u91cf\u5408\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4e24\u4e2a\u5927\u5b66\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u6211\u53c8\u4ece\u666e\u901a\u53e4\u7c4d\u4e2d\u627e\u4e8660\u591a\u79cd\u5973\u6027\u8457\u4f5c\u589e\u8865\u8fdb\u53bb\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c31\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u3002\u9ea6\u5409\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u6570\u5b57\u8ba1\u5212\u90e8\u95e8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6211\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u987e\u95ee\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u601d\u8def\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u30022005\u5e74\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u516c\u5f00\u3002\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u65f6\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56e0\u4e3a\u662f\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u591f\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u95ee:<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u600e\u4e48\u6574\u7406\u5462?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b54:\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5728\u6574\u7406\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u53e4\u4ee3\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5206\u8fa8\u8bd7\u4f53\u7b49\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u5bf9\u6284\u672c\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u7b49\u6750\u6599\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5f55\u5165\u6bcf\u4e00\u9996\u8bd7\u7684\u8bd7\u9898\u3001\u8bd7\u4f53\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u975e\u5e38\u7e41\u7410\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5468\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u6709\u7ec4\u4f1a\u53ca\u65f6\u4ea4\u6d41\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u4ee5\u524d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6211\u7533\u8bf7\u8fc7\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u653f\u5e9c\u793e\u4f1a\u4eba\u6587\u7684\u57fa\u91d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u51e0\u5e74\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u9c81\u65af\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a(Henry Luce Foundation)\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4e88\u5b66\u751f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u7ecf\u8d39\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c2\u4e0e\u9879\u76ee\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" 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Database\uff0c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4e0b\u8f7d\u67e5\u770b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7400\u79cd\u96c6\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#0071a1\" 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style=\"color:#0071a1\" 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style=\"color:#0071a1\" 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